refactor: split effects and masks into dedicated rust crates, introduce MediaTime and FrameRate

4 files changed, 854 insertions, 421 deletions

diff --git a/rust/crates/time/src/frame_rate.rs b/rust/crates/time/src/frame_rate.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7af10649
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/crates/time/src/frame_rate.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+use crate::media_time::TICKS_PER_SECOND;
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi, into_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub struct FrameRate {
+    pub numerator: u32,
+    pub denominator: u32,
+}
+
+impl FrameRate {
+    pub const FPS_23_976: Self = Self {
+        numerator: 24_000,
+        denominator: 1_001,
+    };
+    pub const FPS_24: Self = Self {
+        numerator: 24,
+        denominator: 1,
+    };
+    pub const FPS_25: Self = Self {
+        numerator: 25,
+        denominator: 1,
+    };
+    pub const FPS_29_97: Self = Self {
+        numerator: 30_000,
+        denominator: 1_001,
+    };
+    pub const FPS_30: Self = Self {
+        numerator: 30,
+        denominator: 1,
+    };
+    pub const FPS_48: Self = Self {
+        numerator: 48,
+        denominator: 1,
+    };
+    pub const FPS_50: Self = Self {
+        numerator: 50,
+        denominator: 1,
+    };
+    pub const FPS_59_94: Self = Self {
+        numerator: 60_000,
+        denominator: 1_001,
+    };
+    pub const FPS_60: Self = Self {
+        numerator: 60,
+        denominator: 1,
+    };
+    pub const FPS_120: Self = Self {
+        numerator: 120,
+        denominator: 1,
+    };
+
+    pub const fn new(numerator: u32, denominator: u32) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            numerator,
+            denominator,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub const fn is_valid(self) -> bool {
+        self.numerator > 0 && self.denominator > 0
+    }
+
+    pub fn as_f64(self) -> Option<f64> {
+        if !self.is_valid() {
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        Some(f64::from(self.numerator) / f64::from(self.denominator))
+    }
+
+    pub fn frame_number_upper_bound(self) -> Option<u32> {
+        if !self.is_valid() {
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        Some(self.numerator.div_ceil(self.denominator))
+    }
+
+    pub fn ticks_per_frame(self) -> Option<i64> {
+        if !self.is_valid() {
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        let tick_numerator = TICKS_PER_SECOND.checked_mul(i64::from(self.denominator))?;
+        let tick_denominator = i64::from(self.numerator);
+        if tick_numerator % tick_denominator != 0 {
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        Some(tick_numerator / tick_denominator)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::FrameRate;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn resolves_ticks_per_standard_frame_rate() {
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::FPS_23_976.ticks_per_frame(), Some(5_005));
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::FPS_24.ticks_per_frame(), Some(5_000));
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::FPS_25.ticks_per_frame(), Some(4_800));
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::FPS_29_97.ticks_per_frame(), Some(4_004));
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::FPS_30.ticks_per_frame(), Some(4_000));
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::FPS_48.ticks_per_frame(), Some(2_500));
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::FPS_50.ticks_per_frame(), Some(2_400));
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::FPS_59_94.ticks_per_frame(), Some(2_002));
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::FPS_60.ticks_per_frame(), Some(2_000));
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::FPS_120.ticks_per_frame(), Some(1_000));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rejects_invalid_or_unsupported_rates() {
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::new(0, 1).ticks_per_frame(), None);
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::new(1, 0).ticks_per_frame(), None);
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::new(7, 3).ticks_per_frame(), None);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/rust/crates/time/src/media_time.rs b/rust/crates/time/src/media_time.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..11d268e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/crates/time/src/media_time.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,428 @@
+use std::ops::{Add, Div, Mul, Neg, Sub};
+
+use bridge::export;
+use num_traits::ToPrimitive;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+use crate::frame_rate::FrameRate;
+
+#[export]
+pub const TICKS_PER_SECOND: i64 = 120_000;
+const TICKS_PER_SECOND_F64: f64 = TICKS_PER_SECOND as f64;
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi, into_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd, Hash)]
+pub struct MediaTime(i64);
+
+impl MediaTime {
+    pub const ZERO: Self = Self(0);
+    pub const ONE_TICK: Self = Self(1);
+
+    pub const fn from_ticks(ticks: i64) -> Self {
+        Self(ticks)
+    }
+
+    pub const fn as_ticks(self) -> i64 {
+        self.0
+    }
+
+    pub fn from_seconds_f64(seconds: f64) -> Option<Self> {
+        if !seconds.is_finite() {
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        let ticks = (seconds * TICKS_PER_SECOND_F64).round().to_i64()?;
+        Some(Self(ticks))
+    }
+
+    pub fn to_seconds_f64(self) -> f64 {
+        self.0.to_f64().unwrap_or(0.0) / TICKS_PER_SECOND_F64
+    }
+
+    pub fn from_frame(frame: i64, rate: FrameRate) -> Option<Self> {
+        let ticks_per_frame = rate.ticks_per_frame()?;
+        Some(Self(frame.checked_mul(ticks_per_frame)?))
+    }
+
+    pub fn to_frame_round(self, rate: FrameRate) -> Option<i64> {
+        let ticks_per_frame = rate.ticks_per_frame()?;
+        let remainder = self.0.rem_euclid(ticks_per_frame);
+        let floor = self.0.div_euclid(ticks_per_frame);
+        if remainder * 2 >= ticks_per_frame {
+            Some(floor + 1)
+        } else {
+            Some(floor)
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn to_frame_floor(self, rate: FrameRate) -> Option<i64> {
+        let ticks_per_frame = rate.ticks_per_frame()?;
+        Some(self.0.div_euclid(ticks_per_frame))
+    }
+
+    pub fn round_to_frame(self, rate: FrameRate) -> Option<Self> {
+        Self::from_frame(self.to_frame_round(rate)?, rate)
+    }
+
+    pub fn floor_to_frame(self, rate: FrameRate) -> Option<Self> {
+        let ticks_per_frame = rate.ticks_per_frame()?;
+        Some(Self(self.0.div_euclid(ticks_per_frame) * ticks_per_frame))
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_frame_aligned(self, rate: FrameRate) -> Option<bool> {
+        let ticks_per_frame = rate.ticks_per_frame()?;
+        Some(self.0.rem_euclid(ticks_per_frame) == 0)
+    }
+
+    pub fn last_frame_time(self, rate: FrameRate) -> Option<Self> {
+        if self <= Self::ZERO {
+            return Some(Self::ZERO);
+        }
+
+        let last_inclusive_tick = self.0.checked_sub(1).unwrap_or(0);
+        Self::from_ticks(last_inclusive_tick).floor_to_frame(rate)
+    }
+
+    pub fn snapped_seek_time(self, duration: Self, rate: FrameRate) -> Option<Self> {
+        let snapped = self.round_to_frame(rate)?;
+        Some(snapped.clamp(Self::ZERO, duration))
+    }
+
+    pub fn clamp(self, min: Self, max: Self) -> Self {
+        Self(self.0.clamp(min.0, max.0))
+    }
+
+    pub fn min(self, other: Self) -> Self {
+        Self(self.0.min(other.0))
+    }
+
+    pub fn max(self, other: Self) -> Self {
+        Self(self.0.max(other.0))
+    }
+}
+
+impl Add for MediaTime {
+    type Output = Self;
+
+    fn add(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
+        Self(self.0 + rhs.0)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Sub for MediaTime {
+    type Output = Self;
+
+    fn sub(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
+        Self(self.0 - rhs.0)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Neg for MediaTime {
+    type Output = Self;
+
+    fn neg(self) -> Self::Output {
+        Self(-self.0)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Mul<i64> for MediaTime {
+    type Output = Self;
+
+    fn mul(self, rhs: i64) -> Self::Output {
+        Self(self.0 * rhs)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Div<i64> for MediaTime {
+    type Output = Self;
+
+    fn div(self, rhs: i64) -> Self::Output {
+        Self(self.0 / rhs)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct MediaTimeFromSecondsOptions {
+    pub seconds: f64,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn media_time_from_seconds(
+    MediaTimeFromSecondsOptions { seconds }: MediaTimeFromSecondsOptions,
+) -> Option<MediaTime> {
+    MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(seconds)
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct MediaTimeToSecondsOptions {
+    pub time: MediaTime,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn media_time_to_seconds(MediaTimeToSecondsOptions { time }: MediaTimeToSecondsOptions) -> f64 {
+    time.to_seconds_f64()
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct MediaTimeFromFrameOptions {
+    pub frame: i64,
+    pub rate: FrameRate,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn media_time_from_frame(
+    MediaTimeFromFrameOptions { frame, rate }: MediaTimeFromFrameOptions,
+) -> Option<MediaTime> {
+    MediaTime::from_frame(frame, rate)
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct MediaTimeToFrameOptions {
+    pub time: MediaTime,
+    pub rate: FrameRate,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn media_time_to_frame(
+    MediaTimeToFrameOptions { time, rate }: MediaTimeToFrameOptions,
+) -> Option<i64> {
+    time.to_frame_round(rate)
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct RoundToFrameOptions {
+    pub time: MediaTime,
+    pub rate: FrameRate,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn round_to_frame(
+    RoundToFrameOptions { time, rate }: RoundToFrameOptions,
+) -> Option<MediaTime> {
+    time.round_to_frame(rate)
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct FloorToFrameOptions {
+    pub time: MediaTime,
+    pub rate: FrameRate,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn floor_to_frame(
+    FloorToFrameOptions { time, rate }: FloorToFrameOptions,
+) -> Option<MediaTime> {
+    time.floor_to_frame(rate)
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct IsFrameAlignedOptions {
+    pub time: MediaTime,
+    pub rate: FrameRate,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn is_frame_aligned(
+    IsFrameAlignedOptions { time, rate }: IsFrameAlignedOptions,
+) -> Option<bool> {
+    time.is_frame_aligned(rate)
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct LastFrameTimeOptions {
+    pub duration: MediaTime,
+    pub rate: FrameRate,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn last_frame_time(
+    LastFrameTimeOptions { duration, rate }: LastFrameTimeOptions,
+) -> Option<MediaTime> {
+    duration.last_frame_time(rate)
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct SnappedSeekTimeOptions {
+    pub time: MediaTime,
+    pub duration: MediaTime,
+    pub rate: FrameRate,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn snapped_seek_time(
+    SnappedSeekTimeOptions {
+        time,
+        duration,
+        rate,
+    }: SnappedSeekTimeOptions,
+) -> Option<MediaTime> {
+    time.snapped_seek_time(duration, rate)
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct MediaTimeAddOptions {
+    pub lhs: MediaTime,
+    pub rhs: MediaTime,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn media_time_add(MediaTimeAddOptions { lhs, rhs }: MediaTimeAddOptions) -> MediaTime {
+    lhs + rhs
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct MediaTimeSubOptions {
+    pub lhs: MediaTime,
+    pub rhs: MediaTime,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn media_time_sub(MediaTimeSubOptions { lhs, rhs }: MediaTimeSubOptions) -> MediaTime {
+    lhs - rhs
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct MediaTimeMinOptions {
+    pub lhs: MediaTime,
+    pub rhs: MediaTime,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn media_time_min(MediaTimeMinOptions { lhs, rhs }: MediaTimeMinOptions) -> MediaTime {
+    lhs.min(rhs)
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct MediaTimeMaxOptions {
+    pub lhs: MediaTime,
+    pub rhs: MediaTime,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn media_time_max(MediaTimeMaxOptions { lhs, rhs }: MediaTimeMaxOptions) -> MediaTime {
+    lhs.max(rhs)
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct MediaTimeClampOptions {
+    pub time: MediaTime,
+    pub min: MediaTime,
+    pub max: MediaTime,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn media_time_clamp(
+    MediaTimeClampOptions { time, min, max }: MediaTimeClampOptions,
+) -> MediaTime {
+    time.clamp(min, max)
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use crate::frame_rate::FrameRate;
+
+    use super::{MediaTime, TICKS_PER_SECOND};
+
+    #[test]
+    fn converts_between_seconds_and_ticks() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(1.5),
+            Some(MediaTime::from_ticks(180_000))
+        );
+        assert_eq!(MediaTime::from_ticks(180_000).to_seconds_f64(), 1.5);
+        assert_eq!(TICKS_PER_SECOND, 120_000);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rejects_non_finite_seconds() {
+        assert_eq!(MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(f64::NAN), None);
+        assert_eq!(MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(f64::INFINITY), None);
+        assert_eq!(MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(f64::NEG_INFINITY), None);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn snaps_to_the_nearest_frame() {
+        let rate = FrameRate::FPS_30;
+        let time = MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(1.26).unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(time.to_frame_round(rate), Some(38));
+        assert_eq!(
+            time.round_to_frame(rate),
+            Some(MediaTime::from_ticks(152_000))
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn floors_to_frame() {
+        let rate = FrameRate::FPS_30;
+        let ticks_per_frame = 4_000;
+        let time = MediaTime::from_ticks(ticks_per_frame * 5 + 1);
+
+        assert_eq!(time.to_frame_floor(rate), Some(5));
+        assert_eq!(time.to_frame_round(rate), Some(5));
+
+        let almost_next = MediaTime::from_ticks(ticks_per_frame * 5 + ticks_per_frame / 2);
+        assert_eq!(almost_next.to_frame_floor(rate), Some(5));
+        assert_eq!(almost_next.to_frame_round(rate), Some(6));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn computes_last_frame_time_and_snapped_seek_time() {
+        let rate = FrameRate::new(5, 1);
+        let duration = MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(10.0).unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            duration.last_frame_time(rate),
+            Some(MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(9.8).unwrap()),
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(10.0)
+                .unwrap()
+                .snapped_seek_time(duration, rate),
+            Some(MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(10.0).unwrap()),
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/rust/crates/time/src/time.rs b/rust/crates/time/src/time.rs
index 84b69327..3d45c47f 100644
--- a/rust/crates/time/src/time.rs
+++ b/rust/crates/time/src/time.rs
@@ -1,422 +1,19 @@
-use bridge::export;
-use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+mod frame_rate;
+mod media_time;
+mod timecode;
 
-const SECONDS_PER_HOUR: f64 = 3600.0;
-const SECONDS_PER_MINUTE: f64 = 60.0;
-const CENTISECONDS_PER_SECOND: f64 = 100.0;
-
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi, into_wasm_abi))]
-#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
-pub enum TimeCodeFormat {
-    #[serde(rename = "MM:SS")]
-    MmSs,
-    #[serde(rename = "HH:MM:SS")]
-    HhMmSs,
-    #[serde(rename = "HH:MM:SS:CS")]
-    HhMmSsCs,
-    #[serde(rename = "HH:MM:SS:FF")]
-    HhMmSsFf,
-}
-
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
-#[derive(Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct RoundToFrameOptions {
-    pub time: f64,
-    pub fps: f64,
-}
-
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
-#[derive(Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct FormatTimeCodeOptions {
-    pub time_in_seconds: f64,
-    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    pub format: Option<TimeCodeFormat>,
-    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    pub fps: Option<f64>,
-}
-
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
-#[derive(Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct ParseTimeCodeOptions {
-    pub time_code: String,
-    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    pub format: Option<TimeCodeFormat>,
-    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    pub fps: Option<f64>,
-}
-
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
-#[derive(Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct GuessTimeCodeFormatOptions {
-    pub time_code: String,
-}
-
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
-#[derive(Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct TimeToFrameOptions {
-    pub time: f64,
-    pub fps: f64,
-}
-
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
-#[derive(Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct FrameToTimeOptions {
-    pub frame: f64,
-    pub fps: f64,
-}
-
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
-#[derive(Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct SnapTimeToFrameOptions {
-    pub time: f64,
-    pub fps: f64,
-}
-
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
-#[derive(Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct GetSnappedSeekTimeOptions {
-    pub raw_time: f64,
-    pub duration: f64,
-    pub fps: f64,
-}
-
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
-#[derive(Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct GetLastFrameTimeOptions {
-    pub duration: f64,
-    pub fps: f64,
-}
-
-#[export]
-pub fn round_to_frame(RoundToFrameOptions { time, fps }: RoundToFrameOptions) -> f64 {
-    (time * fps).round() / fps
-}
-
-#[export]
-pub fn format_time_code(
-    FormatTimeCodeOptions {
-        time_in_seconds,
-        format,
-        fps,
-    }: FormatTimeCodeOptions,
-) -> Option<String> {
-    let format = format.unwrap_or(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsCs);
-    let hours = (time_in_seconds / SECONDS_PER_HOUR).floor() as u64;
-    let minutes = ((time_in_seconds % SECONDS_PER_HOUR) / SECONDS_PER_MINUTE).floor() as u64;
-    let seconds = (time_in_seconds % SECONDS_PER_MINUTE).floor() as u64;
-    let centiseconds = ((time_in_seconds % 1.0) * CENTISECONDS_PER_SECOND).floor() as u64;
-
-    match format {
-        TimeCodeFormat::MmSs => Some(format!("{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}")),
-        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSs => Some(format!("{hours:02}:{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}")),
-        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsCs => Some(format!(
-            "{hours:02}:{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}:{centiseconds:02}",
-        )),
-        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf => {
-            let fps = fps?;
-            if fps <= 0.0 {
-                return None;
-            }
-
-            let frames = ((time_in_seconds % 1.0) * fps).floor() as u64;
-            Some(format!(
-                "{hours:02}:{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}:{frames:02}",
-            ))
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#[export]
-pub fn parse_time_code(
-    ParseTimeCodeOptions {
-        time_code,
-        format,
-        fps,
-    }: ParseTimeCodeOptions,
-) -> Option<f64> {
-    if time_code.trim().is_empty() {
-        return None;
-    }
-
-    let format = format.unwrap_or(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsCs);
-    let parts = time_code
-        .trim()
-        .split(':')
-        .map(|part| part.parse::<u32>().ok())
-        .collect::<Option<Vec<_>>>()?;
-
-    match format {
-        TimeCodeFormat::MmSs => {
-            let [minutes, seconds] = parts.as_slice() else {
-                return None;
-            };
-            if *seconds >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE as u32 {
-                return None;
-            }
-
-            Some((*minutes as f64 * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE) + *seconds as f64)
-        }
-        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSs => {
-            let [hours, minutes, seconds] = parts.as_slice() else {
-                return None;
-            };
-            if *minutes >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE as u32 || *seconds >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE as u32 {
-                return None;
-            }
-
-            Some(
-                (*hours as f64 * SECONDS_PER_HOUR)
-                    + (*minutes as f64 * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE)
-                    + *seconds as f64,
-            )
-        }
-        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsCs => {
-            let [hours, minutes, seconds, centiseconds] = parts.as_slice() else {
-                return None;
-            };
-            if *minutes >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE as u32
-                || *seconds >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE as u32
-                || *centiseconds >= CENTISECONDS_PER_SECOND as u32
-            {
-                return None;
-            }
-
-            Some(
-                (*hours as f64 * SECONDS_PER_HOUR)
-                    + (*minutes as f64 * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE)
-                    + *seconds as f64
-                    + (*centiseconds as f64 / CENTISECONDS_PER_SECOND),
-            )
-        }
-        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf => {
-            let fps = fps?;
-            if fps <= 0.0 {
-                return None;
-            }
-
-            let [hours, minutes, seconds, frames] = parts.as_slice() else {
-                return None;
-            };
-            if *minutes >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE as u32
-                || *seconds >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE as u32
-                || *frames as f64 >= fps
-            {
-                return None;
-            }
-
-            Some(
-                (*hours as f64 * SECONDS_PER_HOUR)
-                    + (*minutes as f64 * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE)
-                    + *seconds as f64
-                    + (*frames as f64 / fps),
-            )
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#[export]
-pub fn guess_time_code_format(
-    GuessTimeCodeFormatOptions { time_code }: GuessTimeCodeFormatOptions,
-) -> Option<TimeCodeFormat> {
-    if time_code.trim().is_empty() {
-        return None;
-    }
-
-    let part_count = time_code
-        .split(':')
-        .try_fold(0usize, |count, part| {
-            part.parse::<u32>().ok().map(|_| count + 1)
-        })?;
-
-    match part_count {
-        2 => Some(TimeCodeFormat::MmSs),
-        3 => Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSs),
-        4 => Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
-        _ => None,
-    }
-}
-
-#[export]
-pub fn time_to_frame(TimeToFrameOptions { time, fps }: TimeToFrameOptions) -> f64 {
-    (time * fps).round()
-}
-
-#[export]
-pub fn frame_to_time(FrameToTimeOptions { frame, fps }: FrameToTimeOptions) -> f64 {
-    frame / fps
-}
-
-#[export]
-pub fn snap_time_to_frame(SnapTimeToFrameOptions { time, fps }: SnapTimeToFrameOptions) -> f64 {
-    if fps <= 0.0 {
-        return time;
-    }
-
-    frame_to_time(FrameToTimeOptions {
-        frame: time_to_frame(TimeToFrameOptions { time, fps }),
-        fps,
-    })
-}
-
-#[export]
-pub fn get_snapped_seek_time(
-    GetSnappedSeekTimeOptions {
-        raw_time,
-        duration,
-        fps,
-    }: GetSnappedSeekTimeOptions,
-) -> f64 {
-    let snapped_time = snap_time_to_frame(SnapTimeToFrameOptions { time: raw_time, fps });
-    let last_frame = get_last_frame_time(GetLastFrameTimeOptions { duration, fps });
-    snapped_time.clamp(0.0, last_frame)
-}
-
-#[export]
-pub fn get_last_frame_time(
-    GetLastFrameTimeOptions { duration, fps }: GetLastFrameTimeOptions,
-) -> f64 {
-    if duration <= 0.0 {
-        return 0.0;
-    }
-
-    if fps <= 0.0 {
-        return duration;
-    }
-
-    let frame_offset = 1.0 / fps;
-    (duration - frame_offset).max(0.0)
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use super::*;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn rounds_to_the_nearest_frame() {
-        assert_eq!(round_to_frame(RoundToFrameOptions { time: 1.24, fps: 10.0 }), 1.2);
-        assert_eq!(round_to_frame(RoundToFrameOptions { time: 1.26, fps: 10.0 }), 1.3);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn formats_default_time_codes() {
-        assert_eq!(
-            format_time_code(FormatTimeCodeOptions {
-                time_in_seconds: 3723.45,
-                format: None,
-                fps: None,
-            }),
-            Some("01:02:03:44".to_string()),
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            format_time_code(FormatTimeCodeOptions {
-                time_in_seconds: 65.0,
-                format: Some(TimeCodeFormat::MmSs),
-                fps: None,
-            }),
-            Some("01:05".to_string()),
-        );
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn formats_frame_based_time_codes() {
-        assert_eq!(
-            format_time_code(FormatTimeCodeOptions {
-                time_in_seconds: 1.5,
-                format: Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
-                fps: Some(30.0),
-            }),
-            Some("00:00:01:15".to_string()),
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            format_time_code(FormatTimeCodeOptions {
-                time_in_seconds: 1.5,
-                format: Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
-                fps: None,
-            }),
-            None,
-        );
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn parses_time_codes() {
-        assert_eq!(
-            parse_time_code(ParseTimeCodeOptions {
-                time_code: "01:05".to_string(),
-                format: Some(TimeCodeFormat::MmSs),
-                fps: None,
-            }),
-            Some(65.0),
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            parse_time_code(ParseTimeCodeOptions {
-                time_code: "00:00:01:15".to_string(),
-                format: Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
-                fps: Some(30.0),
-            }),
-            Some(1.5),
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            parse_time_code(ParseTimeCodeOptions {
-                time_code: "00:00:01:30".to_string(),
-                format: Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
-                fps: Some(30.0),
-            }),
-            None,
-        );
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn guesses_time_code_formats() {
-        assert_eq!(
-            guess_time_code_format(GuessTimeCodeFormatOptions { time_code: "01:05".to_string() }),
-            Some(TimeCodeFormat::MmSs),
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            guess_time_code_format(GuessTimeCodeFormatOptions {
-                time_code: "00:00:01".to_string(),
-            }),
-            Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSs),
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            guess_time_code_format(GuessTimeCodeFormatOptions {
-                time_code: "00:00:01:15".to_string(),
-            }),
-            Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
-        );
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn snaps_and_clamps_seek_time() {
-        assert_eq!(time_to_frame(TimeToFrameOptions { time: 1.26, fps: 10.0 }), 13.0);
-        assert_eq!(frame_to_time(FrameToTimeOptions { frame: 13.0, fps: 10.0 }), 1.3);
-        assert_eq!(snap_time_to_frame(SnapTimeToFrameOptions { time: 1.26, fps: 10.0 }), 1.3);
-        assert_eq!(get_last_frame_time(GetLastFrameTimeOptions { duration: 10.0, fps: 5.0 }), 9.8);
-        assert_eq!(
-            get_snapped_seek_time(GetSnappedSeekTimeOptions {
-                raw_time: 10.0,
-                duration: 10.0,
-                fps: 5.0,
-            }),
-            9.8,
-        );
-    }
-}
+pub use frame_rate::FrameRate;
+pub use media_time::{
+    FloorToFrameOptions, IsFrameAlignedOptions, LastFrameTimeOptions, MediaTime,
+    MediaTimeAddOptions, MediaTimeClampOptions, MediaTimeFromFrameOptions,
+    MediaTimeFromSecondsOptions, MediaTimeMaxOptions, MediaTimeMinOptions, MediaTimeSubOptions,
+    MediaTimeToFrameOptions, MediaTimeToSecondsOptions, RoundToFrameOptions,
+    SnappedSeekTimeOptions, TICKS_PER_SECOND, floor_to_frame, is_frame_aligned, last_frame_time,
+    media_time_add, media_time_clamp, media_time_from_frame, media_time_from_seconds,
+    media_time_max, media_time_min, media_time_sub, media_time_to_frame, media_time_to_seconds,
+    round_to_frame, snapped_seek_time,
+};
+pub use timecode::{
+    FormatTimecodeOptions, GuessTimecodeFormatOptions, ParseTimecodeOptions, TimeCodeFormat,
+    format_timecode, guess_timecode_format, parse_timecode,
+};
diff --git a/rust/crates/time/src/timecode.rs b/rust/crates/time/src/timecode.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0eb484d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/crates/time/src/timecode.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+use bridge::export;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+use crate::{
+    frame_rate::FrameRate,
+    media_time::{MediaTime, TICKS_PER_SECOND},
+};
+
+const SECONDS_PER_HOUR: i64 = 3_600;
+const SECONDS_PER_MINUTE: i64 = 60;
+const CENTISECONDS_PER_SECOND: i64 = 100;
+const TICKS_PER_CENTISECOND: i64 = TICKS_PER_SECOND / CENTISECONDS_PER_SECOND;
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi, into_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub enum TimeCodeFormat {
+    #[serde(rename = "MM:SS")]
+    MmSs,
+    #[serde(rename = "HH:MM:SS")]
+    HhMmSs,
+    #[serde(rename = "HH:MM:SS:CS")]
+    HhMmSsCs,
+    #[serde(rename = "HH:MM:SS:FF")]
+    HhMmSsFf,
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct FormatTimecodeOptions {
+    pub time: MediaTime,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub format: Option<TimeCodeFormat>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub rate: Option<FrameRate>,
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct ParseTimecodeOptions {
+    pub time_code: String,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub format: Option<TimeCodeFormat>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub rate: Option<FrameRate>,
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct GuessTimecodeFormatOptions {
+    pub time_code: String,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn guess_timecode_format(
+    GuessTimecodeFormatOptions { time_code }: GuessTimecodeFormatOptions,
+) -> Option<TimeCodeFormat> {
+    if time_code.trim().is_empty() {
+        return None;
+    }
+
+    let part_count = time_code
+        .trim()
+        .split(':')
+        .try_fold(0usize, |count, part| {
+            part.parse::<u32>().ok().map(|_| count + 1)
+        })?;
+
+    match part_count {
+        2 => Some(TimeCodeFormat::MmSs),
+        3 => Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSs),
+        4 => Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn format_timecode(
+    FormatTimecodeOptions { time, format, rate }: FormatTimecodeOptions,
+) -> Option<String> {
+    let format = format.unwrap_or(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsCs);
+    let total_ticks = u64::try_from(time.as_ticks().max(0)).ok()?;
+    let ticks_per_second = u64::try_from(TICKS_PER_SECOND).ok()?;
+    let total_seconds = total_ticks / ticks_per_second;
+    let hour_ticks = u64::try_from(SECONDS_PER_HOUR).ok()? * ticks_per_second;
+    let minute_ticks = u64::try_from(SECONDS_PER_MINUTE).ok()? * ticks_per_second;
+    let seconds_per_minute = u64::try_from(SECONDS_PER_MINUTE).ok()?;
+    let ticks_per_centisecond = u64::try_from(TICKS_PER_CENTISECOND).ok()?;
+
+    let hours = total_ticks / hour_ticks;
+    let minutes = (total_ticks % hour_ticks) / minute_ticks;
+    let seconds = total_seconds % seconds_per_minute;
+    let second_ticks = total_ticks % ticks_per_second;
+    let centiseconds = second_ticks / ticks_per_centisecond;
+
+    match format {
+        TimeCodeFormat::MmSs => Some(format!("{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}")),
+        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSs => Some(format!("{hours:02}:{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}")),
+        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsCs => Some(format!(
+            "{hours:02}:{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}:{centiseconds:02}"
+        )),
+        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf => {
+            let rate = rate?;
+            let ticks_per_frame = rate.ticks_per_frame()?;
+            let frames = second_ticks / u64::try_from(ticks_per_frame).ok()?;
+            Some(format!("{hours:02}:{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}:{frames:02}"))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn parse_timecode(
+    ParseTimecodeOptions {
+        time_code,
+        format,
+        rate,
+    }: ParseTimecodeOptions,
+) -> Option<MediaTime> {
+    if time_code.trim().is_empty() {
+        return None;
+    }
+
+    let format = format.unwrap_or(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsCs);
+    let parts = time_code
+        .trim()
+        .split(':')
+        .map(|part| part.parse::<u32>().ok())
+        .collect::<Option<Vec<_>>>()?;
+
+    match format {
+        TimeCodeFormat::MmSs => {
+            let [minutes, seconds] = parts.as_slice() else {
+                return None;
+            };
+            if i64::from(*seconds) >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE {
+                return None;
+            }
+
+            Some(MediaTime::from_ticks(
+                (i64::from(*minutes) * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE + i64::from(*seconds)) * TICKS_PER_SECOND,
+            ))
+        }
+        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSs => {
+            let [hours, minutes, seconds] = parts.as_slice() else {
+                return None;
+            };
+            if i64::from(*minutes) >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE
+                || i64::from(*seconds) >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE
+            {
+                return None;
+            }
+
+            Some(MediaTime::from_ticks(
+                (i64::from(*hours) * SECONDS_PER_HOUR
+                    + i64::from(*minutes) * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE
+                    + i64::from(*seconds))
+                    * TICKS_PER_SECOND,
+            ))
+        }
+        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsCs => {
+            let [hours, minutes, seconds, centiseconds] = parts.as_slice() else {
+                return None;
+            };
+            if i64::from(*minutes) >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE
+                || i64::from(*seconds) >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE
+                || i64::from(*centiseconds) >= CENTISECONDS_PER_SECOND
+            {
+                return None;
+            }
+
+            Some(MediaTime::from_ticks(
+                (i64::from(*hours) * SECONDS_PER_HOUR
+                    + i64::from(*minutes) * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE
+                    + i64::from(*seconds))
+                    * TICKS_PER_SECOND
+                    + i64::from(*centiseconds) * TICKS_PER_CENTISECOND,
+            ))
+        }
+        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf => {
+            let rate = rate?;
+            let frame_upper_bound = rate.frame_number_upper_bound()?;
+            let [hours, minutes, seconds, frames] = parts.as_slice() else {
+                return None;
+            };
+            if i64::from(*minutes) >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE
+                || i64::from(*seconds) >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE
+                || *frames >= frame_upper_bound
+            {
+                return None;
+            }
+
+            Some(
+                MediaTime::from_ticks(
+                    (i64::from(*hours) * SECONDS_PER_HOUR
+                        + i64::from(*minutes) * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE
+                        + i64::from(*seconds))
+                        * TICKS_PER_SECOND,
+                ) + MediaTime::from_frame(i64::from(*frames), rate)?,
+            )
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use crate::frame_rate::FrameRate;
+    use crate::media_time::MediaTime;
+
+    use super::{FormatTimecodeOptions, GuessTimecodeFormatOptions, ParseTimecodeOptions};
+    use super::{TimeCodeFormat, format_timecode, guess_timecode_format, parse_timecode};
+
+    #[test]
+    fn formats_default_and_frame_timecodes() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            format_timecode(FormatTimecodeOptions {
+                time: MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(3723.45).unwrap(),
+                format: None,
+                rate: None,
+            }),
+            Some("01:02:03:45".to_string()),
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            format_timecode(FormatTimecodeOptions {
+                time: MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(1.5).unwrap(),
+                format: Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
+                rate: Some(FrameRate::FPS_30),
+            }),
+            Some("00:00:01:15".to_string()),
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parses_timecodes() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            parse_timecode(ParseTimecodeOptions {
+                time_code: "01:05".to_string(),
+                format: Some(TimeCodeFormat::MmSs),
+                rate: None,
+            }),
+            Some(MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(65.0).unwrap()),
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            parse_timecode(ParseTimecodeOptions {
+                time_code: "00:00:01:15".to_string(),
+                format: Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
+                rate: Some(FrameRate::FPS_30),
+            }),
+            Some(MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(1.5).unwrap()),
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            parse_timecode(ParseTimecodeOptions {
+                time_code: "00:00:01:30".to_string(),
+                format: Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
+                rate: Some(FrameRate::FPS_30),
+            }),
+            None,
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn guesses_timecode_formats() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            guess_timecode_format(GuessTimecodeFormatOptions {
+                time_code: "01:05".to_string(),
+            }),
+            Some(TimeCodeFormat::MmSs),
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            guess_timecode_format(GuessTimecodeFormatOptions {
+                time_code: "00:00:01".to_string(),
+            }),
+            Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSs),
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            guess_timecode_format(GuessTimecodeFormatOptions {
+                time_code: "00:00:01:15".to_string(),
+            }),
+            Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
+        );
+    }
+}