refactor: split effects and masks into dedicated rust crates, introduce MediaTime and FrameRate

23 files changed, 1436 insertions, 900 deletions

diff --git a/rust/crates/bridge/src/bridge.rs b/rust/crates/bridge/src/bridge.rs
index 52dee731..99b00615 100644
--- a/rust/crates/bridge/src/bridge.rs
+++ b/rust/crates/bridge/src/bridge.rs
@@ -1,10 +1,36 @@
 use proc_macro::TokenStream;
 use quote::quote;
-use syn::{ItemFn, parse_macro_input};
+use syn::{FnArg, Item, ItemConst, ItemFn, parse_macro_input};
 
 #[proc_macro_attribute]
 pub fn export(_attr: TokenStream, item: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
-    let function = parse_macro_input!(item as ItemFn);
+    match parse_macro_input!(item as Item) {
+        Item::Fn(function) => export_fn(function),
+        Item::Const(constant) => export_const(constant),
+        other => syn::Error::new_spanned(other, "#[export] only supports fn and const items")
+            .to_compile_error()
+            .into(),
+    }
+}
+
+fn export_fn(function: ItemFn) -> TokenStream {
+    let param_count = function
+        .sig
+        .inputs
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|arg| matches!(arg, FnArg::Typed(_)))
+        .count();
+
+    if param_count > 1 {
+        return syn::Error::new_spanned(
+            &function.sig.inputs,
+            "#[export] functions must accept a single options struct, not positional arguments. \
+             Wrap parameters in a struct: `fn foo(FooOptions { a, b }: FooOptions)`",
+        )
+        .to_compile_error()
+        .into();
+    }
+
     let js_name = snake_to_camel(&function.sig.ident.to_string());
 
     quote! {
@@ -14,6 +40,26 @@ pub fn export(_attr: TokenStream, item: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
     .into()
 }
 
+fn export_const(constant: ItemConst) -> TokenStream {
+    let js_name = constant.ident.to_string();
+    let const_ident = &constant.ident;
+    let getter_ident = syn::Ident::new(
+        &format!("__const_{}", constant.ident.to_string().to_lowercase()),
+        constant.ident.span(),
+    );
+
+    quote! {
+        #constant
+
+        #[cfg(feature = "wasm")]
+        #[::wasm_bindgen::prelude::wasm_bindgen(js_name = #js_name)]
+        pub fn #getter_ident() -> f64 {
+            #const_ident as f64
+        }
+    }
+    .into()
+}
+
 fn snake_to_camel(name: &str) -> String {
     let mut camel = String::with_capacity(name.len());
     let mut should_uppercase_next = false;
diff --git a/rust/crates/effects/Cargo.toml b/rust/crates/effects/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5b6e2a1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/crates/effects/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+[package]
+name = "effects"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2024"
+
+[lib]
+path = "src/effects.rs"
+crate-type = ["rlib"]
+
+[dependencies]
+bytemuck = { version = "1.25.0", features = ["derive"] }
+gpu = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../gpu" }
+thiserror = "2.0.18"
+wgpu = "29.0.1"
diff --git a/rust/crates/effects/src/effects.rs b/rust/crates/effects/src/effects.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c6d750bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/crates/effects/src/effects.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+mod pipeline;
+mod types;
+
+pub use pipeline::{ApplyEffectsOptions, EffectPipeline, EffectsError};
+pub use types::{EffectPass, UniformValue};
diff --git a/rust/crates/effects/src/pipeline.rs b/rust/crates/effects/src/pipeline.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..58692bde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/crates/effects/src/pipeline.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,306 @@
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+use bytemuck::{Pod, Zeroable};
+use gpu::{FULLSCREEN_SHADER_SOURCE, GPU_TEXTURE_FORMAT, GpuContext};
+use thiserror::Error;
+use wgpu::util::DeviceExt;
+
+use crate::{EffectPass, UniformValue};
+
+const GAUSSIAN_BLUR_SHADER_ID: &str = "gaussian-blur";
+const GAUSSIAN_BLUR_SHADER_SOURCE: &str = include_str!("shaders/gaussian_blur.wgsl");
+
+pub struct ApplyEffectsOptions<'a> {
+    pub source: &'a wgpu::Texture,
+    pub width: u32,
+    pub height: u32,
+    pub passes: &'a [EffectPass],
+}
+
+pub struct EffectPipeline {
+    uniform_bind_group_layout: wgpu::BindGroupLayout,
+    pipelines: HashMap<String, wgpu::RenderPipeline>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Error)]
+pub enum EffectsError {
+    #[error("At least one effect pass is required")]
+    MissingEffectPasses,
+    #[error("Unknown effect shader '{shader}'")]
+    UnknownEffectShader { shader: String },
+    #[error("Missing uniform '{uniform}' for shader '{shader}'")]
+    MissingUniform { shader: String, uniform: String },
+    #[error("Uniform '{uniform}' for shader '{shader}' must be a number")]
+    InvalidNumberUniform { shader: String, uniform: String },
+    #[error(
+        "Uniform '{uniform}' for shader '{shader}' must be a vector of length {expected_length}"
+    )]
+    InvalidVectorUniform {
+        shader: String,
+        uniform: String,
+        expected_length: usize,
+    },
+    #[error("Shader '{shader}' does not support uniform '{uniform}'")]
+    UnsupportedUniform { shader: String, uniform: String },
+}
+
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Pod, Zeroable)]
+struct EffectUniformBuffer {
+    resolution: [f32; 2],
+    direction: [f32; 2],
+    scalars: [f32; 4],
+}
+
+impl EffectPipeline {
+    pub fn new(context: &GpuContext) -> Self {
+        let uniform_bind_group_layout =
+            context
+                .device()
+                .create_bind_group_layout(&wgpu::BindGroupLayoutDescriptor {
+                    label: Some("effects-uniform-bind-group-layout"),
+                    entries: &[wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry {
+                        binding: 0,
+                        visibility: wgpu::ShaderStages::FRAGMENT,
+                        ty: wgpu::BindingType::Buffer {
+                            ty: wgpu::BufferBindingType::Uniform,
+                            has_dynamic_offset: false,
+                            min_binding_size: None,
+                        },
+                        count: None,
+                    }],
+                });
+        let vertex_shader_module =
+            context
+                .device()
+                .create_shader_module(wgpu::ShaderModuleDescriptor {
+                    label: Some("effects-fullscreen-shader"),
+                    source: wgpu::ShaderSource::Wgsl(FULLSCREEN_SHADER_SOURCE.into()),
+                });
+        let gaussian_blur_shader_module =
+            context
+                .device()
+                .create_shader_module(wgpu::ShaderModuleDescriptor {
+                    label: Some("effects-gaussian-blur-shader"),
+                    source: wgpu::ShaderSource::Wgsl(GAUSSIAN_BLUR_SHADER_SOURCE.into()),
+                });
+        let pipeline_layout =
+            context
+                .device()
+                .create_pipeline_layout(&wgpu::PipelineLayoutDescriptor {
+                    label: Some("effects-pipeline-layout"),
+                    bind_group_layouts: &[
+                        Some(context.texture_sampler_bind_group_layout()),
+                        Some(&uniform_bind_group_layout),
+                    ],
+                    immediate_size: 0,
+                });
+        let gaussian_blur_pipeline =
+            context
+                .device()
+                .create_render_pipeline(&wgpu::RenderPipelineDescriptor {
+                    label: Some("effects-gaussian-blur-pipeline"),
+                    layout: Some(&pipeline_layout),
+                    vertex: wgpu::VertexState {
+                        module: &vertex_shader_module,
+                        entry_point: Some("vertex_main"),
+                        buffers: &[wgpu::VertexBufferLayout {
+                            array_stride: std::mem::size_of::<[f32; 2]>() as u64,
+                            step_mode: wgpu::VertexStepMode::Vertex,
+                            attributes: &[wgpu::VertexAttribute {
+                                format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Float32x2,
+                                offset: 0,
+                                shader_location: 0,
+                            }],
+                        }],
+                        compilation_options: wgpu::PipelineCompilationOptions::default(),
+                    },
+                    fragment: Some(wgpu::FragmentState {
+                        module: &gaussian_blur_shader_module,
+                        entry_point: Some("fragment_main"),
+                        targets: &[Some(wgpu::ColorTargetState {
+                            format: GPU_TEXTURE_FORMAT,
+                            blend: None,
+                            write_mask: wgpu::ColorWrites::ALL,
+                        })],
+                        compilation_options: wgpu::PipelineCompilationOptions::default(),
+                    }),
+                    primitive: wgpu::PrimitiveState::default(),
+                    depth_stencil: None,
+                    multisample: wgpu::MultisampleState::default(),
+                    multiview_mask: None,
+                    cache: None,
+                });
+        let pipelines =
+            HashMap::from([(GAUSSIAN_BLUR_SHADER_ID.to_string(), gaussian_blur_pipeline)]);
+
+        Self {
+            uniform_bind_group_layout,
+            pipelines,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn apply(
+        &self,
+        context: &GpuContext,
+        ApplyEffectsOptions {
+            source,
+            width,
+            height,
+            passes,
+        }: ApplyEffectsOptions<'_>,
+    ) -> Result<wgpu::Texture, EffectsError> {
+        let mut current_texture: Option<wgpu::Texture> = None;
+
+        for pass in passes {
+            let input_texture = current_texture.as_ref().unwrap_or(source);
+            let output_texture =
+                context.create_render_texture(width, height, "effects-pass-output");
+            let input_view = input_texture.create_view(&wgpu::TextureViewDescriptor::default());
+            let output_view = output_texture.create_view(&wgpu::TextureViewDescriptor::default());
+            let texture_bind_group =
+                context
+                    .device()
+                    .create_bind_group(&wgpu::BindGroupDescriptor {
+                        label: Some("effects-texture-bind-group"),
+                        layout: context.texture_sampler_bind_group_layout(),
+                        entries: &[
+                            wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
+                                binding: 0,
+                                resource: wgpu::BindingResource::TextureView(&input_view),
+                            },
+                            wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
+                                binding: 1,
+                                resource: wgpu::BindingResource::Sampler(context.linear_sampler()),
+                            },
+                        ],
+                    });
+            let uniform_buffer =
+                context
+                    .device()
+                    .create_buffer_init(&wgpu::util::BufferInitDescriptor {
+                        label: Some("effects-uniform-buffer"),
+                        contents: bytemuck::bytes_of(&pack_effect_uniforms(pass, width, height)?),
+                        usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::UNIFORM | wgpu::BufferUsages::COPY_DST,
+                    });
+            let uniform_bind_group =
+                context
+                    .device()
+                    .create_bind_group(&wgpu::BindGroupDescriptor {
+                        label: Some("effects-uniform-bind-group"),
+                        layout: &self.uniform_bind_group_layout,
+                        entries: &[wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
+                            binding: 0,
+                            resource: uniform_buffer.as_entire_binding(),
+                        }],
+                    });
+            let pipeline = self.pipelines.get(&pass.shader).ok_or_else(|| {
+                EffectsError::UnknownEffectShader {
+                    shader: pass.shader.clone(),
+                }
+            })?;
+            let mut encoder =
+                context
+                    .device()
+                    .create_command_encoder(&wgpu::CommandEncoderDescriptor {
+                        label: Some("effects-command-encoder"),
+                    });
+
+            {
+                let mut render_pass = encoder.begin_render_pass(&wgpu::RenderPassDescriptor {
+                    label: Some("effects-render-pass"),
+                    color_attachments: &[Some(wgpu::RenderPassColorAttachment {
+                        view: &output_view,
+                        resolve_target: None,
+                        depth_slice: None,
+                        ops: wgpu::Operations {
+                            load: wgpu::LoadOp::Clear(wgpu::Color::TRANSPARENT),
+                            store: wgpu::StoreOp::Store,
+                        },
+                    })],
+                    depth_stencil_attachment: None,
+                    occlusion_query_set: None,
+                    timestamp_writes: None,
+                    multiview_mask: None,
+                });
+                render_pass.set_pipeline(pipeline);
+                render_pass.set_vertex_buffer(0, context.fullscreen_quad().slice(..));
+                render_pass.set_bind_group(0, &texture_bind_group, &[]);
+                render_pass.set_bind_group(1, &uniform_bind_group, &[]);
+                render_pass.draw(0..6, 0..1);
+            }
+
+            context.queue().submit([encoder.finish()]);
+            current_texture = Some(output_texture);
+        }
+
+        current_texture.ok_or(EffectsError::MissingEffectPasses)
+    }
+}
+
+fn pack_effect_uniforms(
+    pass: &EffectPass,
+    width: u32,
+    height: u32,
+) -> Result<EffectUniformBuffer, EffectsError> {
+    let shader = pass.shader.as_str();
+    let sigma = read_number_uniform(pass, "u_sigma")?;
+    let step = read_number_uniform(pass, "u_step")?;
+    let direction = read_vec2_uniform(pass, "u_direction")?;
+
+    for uniform in pass.uniforms.keys() {
+        if uniform == "u_sigma" || uniform == "u_step" || uniform == "u_direction" {
+            continue;
+        }
+        return Err(EffectsError::UnsupportedUniform {
+            shader: shader.to_string(),
+            uniform: uniform.clone(),
+        });
+    }
+
+    Ok(EffectUniformBuffer {
+        resolution: [width as f32, height as f32],
+        direction,
+        scalars: [sigma, step, 0.0, 0.0],
+    })
+}
+
+fn read_number_uniform(pass: &EffectPass, uniform: &str) -> Result<f32, EffectsError> {
+    let Some(value) = pass.uniforms.get(uniform) else {
+        return Err(EffectsError::MissingUniform {
+            shader: pass.shader.clone(),
+            uniform: uniform.to_string(),
+        });
+    };
+    match value {
+        UniformValue::Number(value) => Ok(*value),
+        UniformValue::Vector(_) => Err(EffectsError::InvalidNumberUniform {
+            shader: pass.shader.clone(),
+            uniform: uniform.to_string(),
+        }),
+    }
+}
+
+fn read_vec2_uniform(pass: &EffectPass, uniform: &str) -> Result<[f32; 2], EffectsError> {
+    let Some(value) = pass.uniforms.get(uniform) else {
+        return Err(EffectsError::MissingUniform {
+            shader: pass.shader.clone(),
+            uniform: uniform.to_string(),
+        });
+    };
+    let UniformValue::Vector(values) = value else {
+        return Err(EffectsError::InvalidVectorUniform {
+            shader: pass.shader.clone(),
+            uniform: uniform.to_string(),
+            expected_length: 2,
+        });
+    };
+    if values.len() != 2 {
+        return Err(EffectsError::InvalidVectorUniform {
+            shader: pass.shader.clone(),
+            uniform: uniform.to_string(),
+            expected_length: 2,
+        });
+    }
+    Ok([values[0], values[1]])
+}
diff --git a/rust/crates/gpu/src/shaders/gaussian_blur.wgsl b/rust/crates/effects/src/shaders/gaussian_blur.wgsl
index 6c8d311d..6c8d311d 100644
--- a/rust/crates/gpu/src/shaders/gaussian_blur.wgsl
+++ b/rust/crates/effects/src/shaders/gaussian_blur.wgsl
diff --git a/rust/crates/effects/src/types.rs b/rust/crates/effects/src/types.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bd013195
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/crates/effects/src/types.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct EffectPass {
+    pub shader: String,
+    pub uniforms: HashMap<String, UniformValue>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub enum UniformValue {
+    Number(f32),
+    Vector(Vec<f32>),
+}
diff --git a/rust/crates/gpu/Cargo.toml b/rust/crates/gpu/Cargo.toml
index d68e8a65..4be1e8d6 100644
--- a/rust/crates/gpu/Cargo.toml
+++ b/rust/crates/gpu/Cargo.toml
@@ -7,3 +7,7 @@ edition = "2024"
 bytemuck = { version = "1.25.0", features = ["derive"] }
 thiserror = "2.0.18"
 wgpu = "29.0.1"
+
+[features]
+default = []
+wasm = []
diff --git a/rust/crates/gpu/src/context.rs b/rust/crates/gpu/src/context.rs
index 702f65ba..1526a67d 100644
--- a/rust/crates/gpu/src/context.rs
+++ b/rust/crates/gpu/src/context.rs
@@ -1,12 +1,8 @@
 use wgpu::util::DeviceExt;
 
-use crate::{
-    GPU_TEXTURE_FORMAT, GpuError,
-    effect_pipeline::{ApplyEffectsOptions, apply_effects},
-    mask_feather::{ApplyMaskFeatherOptions, MaskFeatherPipeline},
-    sdf_pipeline::SdfPipeline,
-    shader_registry::ShaderRegistry,
-};
+use crate::{FULLSCREEN_SHADER_SOURCE, GPU_TEXTURE_FORMAT, GpuError};
+
+const BLIT_SHADER_SOURCE: &str = include_str!("shaders/blit.wgsl");
 
 const FULLSCREEN_QUAD_POSITIONS: [[f32; 2]; 6] = [
     [-1.0, -1.0],
@@ -25,9 +21,8 @@ pub struct GpuContext {
     fullscreen_quad: wgpu::Buffer,
     linear_sampler: wgpu::Sampler,
     nearest_sampler: wgpu::Sampler,
-    shader_registry: ShaderRegistry,
-    sdf_pipeline: SdfPipeline,
-    mask_feather_pipeline: MaskFeatherPipeline,
+    texture_sampler_bind_group_layout: wgpu::BindGroupLayout,
+    blit_pipeline: wgpu::RenderPipeline,
 }
 
 impl GpuContext {
@@ -77,9 +72,74 @@ impl GpuContext {
             mipmap_filter: wgpu::MipmapFilterMode::Nearest,
             ..Default::default()
         });
-        let shader_registry = ShaderRegistry::new(&device);
-        let sdf_pipeline = SdfPipeline::new(&device);
-        let mask_feather_pipeline = MaskFeatherPipeline::new(&device);
+        let texture_sampler_bind_group_layout =
+            device.create_bind_group_layout(&wgpu::BindGroupLayoutDescriptor {
+                label: Some("gpu-texture-sampler-bind-group-layout"),
+                entries: &[
+                    wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry {
+                        binding: 0,
+                        visibility: wgpu::ShaderStages::FRAGMENT,
+                        ty: wgpu::BindingType::Texture {
+                            multisampled: false,
+                            view_dimension: wgpu::TextureViewDimension::D2,
+                            sample_type: wgpu::TextureSampleType::Float { filterable: true },
+                        },
+                        count: None,
+                    },
+                    wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry {
+                        binding: 1,
+                        visibility: wgpu::ShaderStages::FRAGMENT,
+                        ty: wgpu::BindingType::Sampler(wgpu::SamplerBindingType::Filtering),
+                        count: None,
+                    },
+                ],
+            });
+        let vertex_shader_module = device.create_shader_module(wgpu::ShaderModuleDescriptor {
+            label: Some("gpu-fullscreen-shader"),
+            source: wgpu::ShaderSource::Wgsl(FULLSCREEN_SHADER_SOURCE.into()),
+        });
+        let blit_shader_module = device.create_shader_module(wgpu::ShaderModuleDescriptor {
+            label: Some("gpu-blit-shader"),
+            source: wgpu::ShaderSource::Wgsl(BLIT_SHADER_SOURCE.into()),
+        });
+        let blit_pipeline_layout = device.create_pipeline_layout(&wgpu::PipelineLayoutDescriptor {
+            label: Some("gpu-blit-pipeline-layout"),
+            bind_group_layouts: &[Some(&texture_sampler_bind_group_layout)],
+            immediate_size: 0,
+        });
+        let blit_pipeline = device.create_render_pipeline(&wgpu::RenderPipelineDescriptor {
+            label: Some("gpu-blit-pipeline"),
+            layout: Some(&blit_pipeline_layout),
+            vertex: wgpu::VertexState {
+                module: &vertex_shader_module,
+                entry_point: Some("vertex_main"),
+                buffers: &[wgpu::VertexBufferLayout {
+                    array_stride: std::mem::size_of::<[f32; 2]>() as u64,
+                    step_mode: wgpu::VertexStepMode::Vertex,
+                    attributes: &[wgpu::VertexAttribute {
+                        format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Float32x2,
+                        offset: 0,
+                        shader_location: 0,
+                    }],
+                }],
+                compilation_options: wgpu::PipelineCompilationOptions::default(),
+            },
+            fragment: Some(wgpu::FragmentState {
+                module: &blit_shader_module,
+                entry_point: Some("fragment_main"),
+                targets: &[Some(wgpu::ColorTargetState {
+                    format: GPU_TEXTURE_FORMAT,
+                    blend: None,
+                    write_mask: wgpu::ColorWrites::ALL,
+                })],
+                compilation_options: wgpu::PipelineCompilationOptions::default(),
+            }),
+            primitive: wgpu::PrimitiveState::default(),
+            depth_stencil: None,
+            multisample: wgpu::MultisampleState::default(),
+            multiview_mask: None,
+            cache: None,
+        });
 
         Ok(Self {
             instance,
@@ -89,26 +149,11 @@ impl GpuContext {
             fullscreen_quad,
             linear_sampler,
             nearest_sampler,
-            shader_registry,
-            sdf_pipeline,
-            mask_feather_pipeline,
+            texture_sampler_bind_group_layout,
+            blit_pipeline,
         })
     }
 
-    pub fn apply_effects(
-        &self,
-        options: ApplyEffectsOptions<'_>,
-    ) -> Result<wgpu::Texture, GpuError> {
-        apply_effects(self, options)
-    }
-
-    pub fn apply_mask_feather(
-        &self,
-        options: ApplyMaskFeatherOptions<'_>,
-    ) -> wgpu::Texture {
-        self.mask_feather_pipeline.apply_mask_feather(self, options)
-    }
-
     pub fn create_render_texture(
         &self,
         width: u32,
@@ -162,12 +207,8 @@ impl GpuContext {
         &self.nearest_sampler
     }
 
-    pub fn shader_registry(&self) -> &ShaderRegistry {
-        &self.shader_registry
-    }
-
-    pub fn sdf_pipeline(&self) -> &SdfPipeline {
-        &self.sdf_pipeline
+    pub fn texture_sampler_bind_group_layout(&self) -> &wgpu::BindGroupLayout {
+        &self.texture_sampler_bind_group_layout
     }
 
     pub fn render_texture_to_surface(
@@ -202,7 +243,7 @@ impl GpuContext {
             .create_view(&wgpu::TextureViewDescriptor::default());
         let bind_group = self.device.create_bind_group(&wgpu::BindGroupDescriptor {
             label: Some("gpu-blit-bind-group"),
-            layout: self.shader_registry.effect_texture_bind_group_layout(),
+            layout: &self.texture_sampler_bind_group_layout,
             entries: &[
                 wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
                     binding: 0,
@@ -237,7 +278,7 @@ impl GpuContext {
                 timestamp_writes: None,
                 multiview_mask: None,
             });
-            render_pass.set_pipeline(self.shader_registry.blit_pipeline());
+            render_pass.set_pipeline(&self.blit_pipeline);
             render_pass.set_vertex_buffer(0, self.fullscreen_quad.slice(..));
             render_pass.set_bind_group(0, &bind_group, &[]);
             render_pass.draw(0..6, 0..1);
@@ -247,4 +288,50 @@ impl GpuContext {
         surface_texture.present();
         Ok(())
     }
+
+    #[cfg(all(feature = "wasm", target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+    pub fn import_offscreen_canvas_texture(
+        &self,
+        canvas: &wgpu::web_sys::OffscreenCanvas,
+        width: u32,
+        height: u32,
+        label: &'static str,
+    ) -> wgpu::Texture {
+        let texture = self.create_render_texture(width, height, label);
+        self.queue.copy_external_image_to_texture(
+            &wgpu::CopyExternalImageSourceInfo {
+                source: wgpu::ExternalImageSource::OffscreenCanvas(canvas.clone()),
+                origin: wgpu::Origin2d::ZERO,
+                flip_y: true,
+            },
+            wgpu::CopyExternalImageDestInfo {
+                texture: &texture,
+                mip_level: 0,
+                origin: wgpu::Origin3d::ZERO,
+                aspect: wgpu::TextureAspect::All,
+                color_space: wgpu::PredefinedColorSpace::Srgb,
+                premultiplied_alpha: false,
+            },
+            wgpu::Extent3d {
+                width,
+                height,
+                depth_or_array_layers: 1,
+            },
+        );
+        texture
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(all(feature = "wasm", target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+    pub fn render_texture_to_offscreen_canvas(
+        &self,
+        texture: &wgpu::Texture,
+        canvas: &wgpu::web_sys::OffscreenCanvas,
+        width: u32,
+        height: u32,
+    ) -> Result<(), GpuError> {
+        let surface = self
+            .instance
+            .create_surface(wgpu::SurfaceTarget::OffscreenCanvas(canvas.clone()))?;
+        self.render_texture_to_surface(texture, &surface, width, height)
+    }
 }
diff --git a/rust/crates/gpu/src/effect_pipeline.rs b/rust/crates/gpu/src/effect_pipeline.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index c600551a..00000000
--- a/rust/crates/gpu/src/effect_pipeline.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-use std::collections::HashMap;
-
-use bytemuck::{Pod, Zeroable};
-use wgpu::util::DeviceExt;
-
-use crate::{GpuError, context::GpuContext};
-
-pub struct ApplyEffectsOptions<'a> {
-    pub source: &'a wgpu::Texture,
-    pub width: u32,
-    pub height: u32,
-    pub passes: &'a [EffectPass],
-}
-
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub struct EffectPass {
-    pub shader: String,
-    pub uniforms: HashMap<String, UniformValue>,
-}
-
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub enum UniformValue {
-    Number(f32),
-    Vector(Vec<f32>),
-}
-
-#[repr(C)]
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Pod, Zeroable)]
-struct EffectUniformBuffer {
-    resolution: [f32; 2],
-    direction: [f32; 2],
-    scalars: [f32; 4],
-}
-
-pub fn apply_effects(
-    context: &GpuContext,
-    ApplyEffectsOptions {
-        source,
-        width,
-        height,
-        passes,
-    }: ApplyEffectsOptions<'_>,
-) -> Result<wgpu::Texture, GpuError> {
-    let mut current_texture: Option<wgpu::Texture> = None;
-
-    for pass in passes {
-        let input_texture = current_texture.as_ref().unwrap_or(source);
-        let output_texture =
-            context.create_render_texture(width, height, "gpu-effect-pass-output");
-        let input_view = input_texture.create_view(&wgpu::TextureViewDescriptor::default());
-        let output_view = output_texture.create_view(&wgpu::TextureViewDescriptor::default());
-        let texture_bind_group = context
-            .device()
-            .create_bind_group(&wgpu::BindGroupDescriptor {
-                label: Some("gpu-effect-texture-bind-group"),
-                layout: context
-                    .shader_registry()
-                    .effect_texture_bind_group_layout(),
-                entries: &[
-                    wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
-                        binding: 0,
-                        resource: wgpu::BindingResource::TextureView(&input_view),
-                    },
-                    wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
-                        binding: 1,
-                        resource: wgpu::BindingResource::Sampler(context.linear_sampler()),
-                    },
-                ],
-            });
-        let uniform_buffer = context
-            .device()
-            .create_buffer_init(&wgpu::util::BufferInitDescriptor {
-                label: Some("gpu-effect-uniform-buffer"),
-                contents: bytemuck::bytes_of(&pack_effect_uniforms(pass, width, height)?),
-                usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::UNIFORM | wgpu::BufferUsages::COPY_DST,
-            });
-        let uniform_bind_group = context
-            .device()
-            .create_bind_group(&wgpu::BindGroupDescriptor {
-                label: Some("gpu-effect-uniform-bind-group"),
-                layout: context
-                    .shader_registry()
-                    .effect_uniform_bind_group_layout(),
-                entries: &[wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
-                    binding: 0,
-                    resource: uniform_buffer.as_entire_binding(),
-                }],
-            });
-        let pipeline = context.shader_registry().get_effect_pipeline(&pass.shader)?;
-        let mut encoder = context
-            .device()
-            .create_command_encoder(&wgpu::CommandEncoderDescriptor {
-                label: Some("gpu-effect-command-encoder"),
-            });
-
-        {
-            let mut render_pass = encoder.begin_render_pass(&wgpu::RenderPassDescriptor {
-                label: Some("gpu-effect-render-pass"),
-                color_attachments: &[Some(wgpu::RenderPassColorAttachment {
-                    view: &output_view,
-                    resolve_target: None,
-                    depth_slice: None,
-                    ops: wgpu::Operations {
-                        load: wgpu::LoadOp::Clear(wgpu::Color::TRANSPARENT),
-                        store: wgpu::StoreOp::Store,
-                    },
-                })],
-                depth_stencil_attachment: None,
-                occlusion_query_set: None,
-                timestamp_writes: None,
-                multiview_mask: None,
-            });
-            render_pass.set_pipeline(pipeline);
-            render_pass.set_vertex_buffer(0, context.fullscreen_quad().slice(..));
-            render_pass.set_bind_group(0, &texture_bind_group, &[]);
-            render_pass.set_bind_group(1, &uniform_bind_group, &[]);
-            render_pass.draw(0..6, 0..1);
-        }
-
-        context.queue().submit([encoder.finish()]);
-        current_texture = Some(output_texture);
-    }
-
-    current_texture.ok_or_else(|| GpuError::UnknownEffectShader {
-        shader: "missing-effect-pass".to_string(),
-    })
-}
-
-fn pack_effect_uniforms(
-    pass: &EffectPass,
-    width: u32,
-    height: u32,
-) -> Result<EffectUniformBuffer, GpuError> {
-    let shader = pass.shader.as_str();
-    let sigma = read_number_uniform(pass, "u_sigma")?;
-    let step = read_number_uniform(pass, "u_step")?;
-    let direction = read_vec2_uniform(pass, "u_direction")?;
-
-    for uniform in pass.uniforms.keys() {
-        if uniform == "u_sigma" || uniform == "u_step" || uniform == "u_direction" {
-            continue;
-        }
-        return Err(GpuError::UnsupportedUniform {
-            shader: shader.to_string(),
-            uniform: uniform.clone(),
-        });
-    }
-
-    Ok(EffectUniformBuffer {
-        resolution: [width as f32, height as f32],
-        direction,
-        scalars: [sigma, step, 0.0, 0.0],
-    })
-}
-
-fn read_number_uniform(pass: &EffectPass, uniform: &str) -> Result<f32, GpuError> {
-    let Some(value) = pass.uniforms.get(uniform) else {
-        return Err(GpuError::MissingUniform {
-            shader: pass.shader.clone(),
-            uniform: uniform.to_string(),
-        });
-    };
-    match value {
-        UniformValue::Number(value) => Ok(*value),
-        UniformValue::Vector(_) => Err(GpuError::InvalidNumberUniform {
-            shader: pass.shader.clone(),
-            uniform: uniform.to_string(),
-        }),
-    }
-}
-
-fn read_vec2_uniform(pass: &EffectPass, uniform: &str) -> Result<[f32; 2], GpuError> {
-    let Some(value) = pass.uniforms.get(uniform) else {
-        return Err(GpuError::MissingUniform {
-            shader: pass.shader.clone(),
-            uniform: uniform.to_string(),
-        });
-    };
-    let UniformValue::Vector(values) = value else {
-        return Err(GpuError::InvalidVectorUniform {
-            shader: pass.shader.clone(),
-            uniform: uniform.to_string(),
-            expected_length: 2,
-        });
-    };
-    if values.len() != 2 {
-        return Err(GpuError::InvalidVectorUniform {
-            shader: pass.shader.clone(),
-            uniform: uniform.to_string(),
-            expected_length: 2,
-        });
-    }
-    Ok([values[0], values[1]])
-}
diff --git a/rust/crates/gpu/src/lib.rs b/rust/crates/gpu/src/lib.rs
index c53e63ab..b6ca6c1c 100644
--- a/rust/crates/gpu/src/lib.rs
+++ b/rust/crates/gpu/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,17 +1,12 @@
 mod context;
-mod effect_pipeline;
-mod mask_feather;
-mod sdf_pipeline;
-mod shader_registry;
 
 use thiserror::Error;
 
-pub use wgpu;
 pub use context::GpuContext;
-pub use effect_pipeline::{ApplyEffectsOptions, EffectPass, UniformValue};
-pub use mask_feather::ApplyMaskFeatherOptions;
+pub use wgpu;
 
 pub const GPU_TEXTURE_FORMAT: wgpu::TextureFormat = wgpu::TextureFormat::Bgra8Unorm;
+pub const FULLSCREEN_SHADER_SOURCE: &str = include_str!("shaders/fullscreen.wgsl");
 
 #[derive(Debug, Error)]
 pub enum GpuError {
@@ -23,18 +18,4 @@ pub enum GpuError {
     CreateSurface(#[from] wgpu::CreateSurfaceError),
     #[error("The output surface does not support the required texture format")]
     UnsupportedSurfaceFormat,
-    #[error("Unknown effect shader '{shader}'")]
-    UnknownEffectShader { shader: String },
-    #[error("Missing uniform '{uniform}' for shader '{shader}'")]
-    MissingUniform { shader: String, uniform: String },
-    #[error("Uniform '{uniform}' for shader '{shader}' must be a number")]
-    InvalidNumberUniform { shader: String, uniform: String },
-    #[error("Uniform '{uniform}' for shader '{shader}' must be a vector of length {expected_length}")]
-    InvalidVectorUniform {
-        shader: String,
-        uniform: String,
-        expected_length: usize,
-    },
-    #[error("Shader '{shader}' does not support uniform '{uniform}'")]
-    UnsupportedUniform { shader: String, uniform: String },
 }
diff --git a/rust/crates/gpu/src/shader_registry.rs b/rust/crates/gpu/src/shader_registry.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index b6af173e..00000000
--- a/rust/crates/gpu/src/shader_registry.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,183 +0,0 @@
-use std::collections::HashMap;
-
-use crate::{GPU_TEXTURE_FORMAT, GpuError};
-
-const FULLSCREEN_SHADER_SOURCE: &str = include_str!("shaders/fullscreen.wgsl");
-const GAUSSIAN_BLUR_SHADER_SOURCE: &str = include_str!("shaders/gaussian_blur.wgsl");
-const BLIT_SHADER_SOURCE: &str = include_str!("shaders/blit.wgsl");
-pub const GAUSSIAN_BLUR_SHADER_ID: &str = "gaussian-blur";
-
-pub struct ShaderRegistry {
-    effect_texture_bind_group_layout: wgpu::BindGroupLayout,
-    effect_uniform_bind_group_layout: wgpu::BindGroupLayout,
-    effect_pipelines: HashMap<String, wgpu::RenderPipeline>,
-    blit_pipeline: wgpu::RenderPipeline,
-}
-
-impl ShaderRegistry {
-    pub fn new(device: &wgpu::Device) -> Self {
-        let effect_texture_bind_group_layout =
-            device.create_bind_group_layout(&wgpu::BindGroupLayoutDescriptor {
-                label: Some("gpu-effect-texture-bind-group-layout"),
-                entries: &[
-                    wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry {
-                        binding: 0,
-                        visibility: wgpu::ShaderStages::FRAGMENT,
-                        ty: wgpu::BindingType::Texture {
-                            multisampled: false,
-                            view_dimension: wgpu::TextureViewDimension::D2,
-                            sample_type: wgpu::TextureSampleType::Float { filterable: true },
-                        },
-                        count: None,
-                    },
-                    wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry {
-                        binding: 1,
-                        visibility: wgpu::ShaderStages::FRAGMENT,
-                        ty: wgpu::BindingType::Sampler(wgpu::SamplerBindingType::Filtering),
-                        count: None,
-                    },
-                ],
-            });
-        let effect_uniform_bind_group_layout =
-            device.create_bind_group_layout(&wgpu::BindGroupLayoutDescriptor {
-                label: Some("gpu-effect-uniform-bind-group-layout"),
-                entries: &[wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry {
-                    binding: 0,
-                    visibility: wgpu::ShaderStages::FRAGMENT,
-                    ty: wgpu::BindingType::Buffer {
-                        ty: wgpu::BufferBindingType::Uniform,
-                        has_dynamic_offset: false,
-                        min_binding_size: None,
-                    },
-                    count: None,
-                }],
-            });
-
-        let vertex_shader_module = device.create_shader_module(wgpu::ShaderModuleDescriptor {
-            label: Some("gpu-fullscreen-shader"),
-            source: wgpu::ShaderSource::Wgsl(FULLSCREEN_SHADER_SOURCE.into()),
-        });
-        let gaussian_blur_shader_module =
-            device.create_shader_module(wgpu::ShaderModuleDescriptor {
-                label: Some("gpu-gaussian-blur-shader"),
-                source: wgpu::ShaderSource::Wgsl(GAUSSIAN_BLUR_SHADER_SOURCE.into()),
-            });
-        let blit_shader_module = device.create_shader_module(wgpu::ShaderModuleDescriptor {
-            label: Some("gpu-blit-shader"),
-            source: wgpu::ShaderSource::Wgsl(BLIT_SHADER_SOURCE.into()),
-        });
-        let pipeline_layout = device.create_pipeline_layout(&wgpu::PipelineLayoutDescriptor {
-            label: Some("gpu-effect-pipeline-layout"),
-            bind_group_layouts: &[
-                Some(&effect_texture_bind_group_layout),
-                Some(&effect_uniform_bind_group_layout),
-            ],
-            immediate_size: 0,
-        });
-        let blit_pipeline_layout =
-            device.create_pipeline_layout(&wgpu::PipelineLayoutDescriptor {
-                label: Some("gpu-blit-pipeline-layout"),
-                bind_group_layouts: &[Some(&effect_texture_bind_group_layout)],
-                immediate_size: 0,
-            });
-        let gaussian_blur_pipeline =
-            device.create_render_pipeline(&wgpu::RenderPipelineDescriptor {
-                label: Some("gpu-gaussian-blur-pipeline"),
-                layout: Some(&pipeline_layout),
-                vertex: wgpu::VertexState {
-                    module: &vertex_shader_module,
-                    entry_point: Some("vertex_main"),
-                    buffers: &[wgpu::VertexBufferLayout {
-                        array_stride: std::mem::size_of::<[f32; 2]>() as u64,
-                        step_mode: wgpu::VertexStepMode::Vertex,
-                        attributes: &[wgpu::VertexAttribute {
-                            format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Float32x2,
-                            offset: 0,
-                            shader_location: 0,
-                        }],
-                    }],
-                    compilation_options: wgpu::PipelineCompilationOptions::default(),
-                },
-                fragment: Some(wgpu::FragmentState {
-                    module: &gaussian_blur_shader_module,
-                    entry_point: Some("fragment_main"),
-                    targets: &[Some(wgpu::ColorTargetState {
-                        format: GPU_TEXTURE_FORMAT,
-                        blend: None,
-                        write_mask: wgpu::ColorWrites::ALL,
-                    })],
-                    compilation_options: wgpu::PipelineCompilationOptions::default(),
-                }),
-                primitive: wgpu::PrimitiveState::default(),
-                depth_stencil: None,
-                multisample: wgpu::MultisampleState::default(),
-                multiview_mask: None,
-                cache: None,
-            });
-        let blit_pipeline = device.create_render_pipeline(&wgpu::RenderPipelineDescriptor {
-            label: Some("gpu-blit-pipeline"),
-            layout: Some(&blit_pipeline_layout),
-            vertex: wgpu::VertexState {
-                module: &vertex_shader_module,
-                entry_point: Some("vertex_main"),
-                buffers: &[wgpu::VertexBufferLayout {
-                    array_stride: std::mem::size_of::<[f32; 2]>() as u64,
-                    step_mode: wgpu::VertexStepMode::Vertex,
-                    attributes: &[wgpu::VertexAttribute {
-                        format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Float32x2,
-                        offset: 0,
-                        shader_location: 0,
-                    }],
-                }],
-                compilation_options: wgpu::PipelineCompilationOptions::default(),
-            },
-            fragment: Some(wgpu::FragmentState {
-                module: &blit_shader_module,
-                entry_point: Some("fragment_main"),
-                targets: &[Some(wgpu::ColorTargetState {
-                    format: GPU_TEXTURE_FORMAT,
-                    blend: None,
-                    write_mask: wgpu::ColorWrites::ALL,
-                })],
-                compilation_options: wgpu::PipelineCompilationOptions::default(),
-            }),
-            primitive: wgpu::PrimitiveState::default(),
-            depth_stencil: None,
-            multisample: wgpu::MultisampleState::default(),
-            multiview_mask: None,
-            cache: None,
-        });
-
-        let effect_pipelines = HashMap::from([(
-            GAUSSIAN_BLUR_SHADER_ID.to_string(),
-            gaussian_blur_pipeline,
-        )]);
-
-        Self {
-            effect_texture_bind_group_layout,
-            effect_uniform_bind_group_layout,
-            effect_pipelines,
-            blit_pipeline,
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn get_effect_pipeline(&self, shader: &str) -> Result<&wgpu::RenderPipeline, GpuError> {
-        self.effect_pipelines
-            .get(shader)
-            .ok_or_else(|| GpuError::UnknownEffectShader {
-                shader: shader.to_string(),
-            })
-    }
-
-    pub fn effect_texture_bind_group_layout(&self) -> &wgpu::BindGroupLayout {
-        &self.effect_texture_bind_group_layout
-    }
-
-    pub fn effect_uniform_bind_group_layout(&self) -> &wgpu::BindGroupLayout {
-        &self.effect_uniform_bind_group_layout
-    }
-
-    pub fn blit_pipeline(&self) -> &wgpu::RenderPipeline {
-        &self.blit_pipeline
-    }
-}
diff --git a/rust/crates/masks/Cargo.toml b/rust/crates/masks/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..58e10712
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/crates/masks/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+[package]
+name = "masks"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2024"
+
+[lib]
+path = "src/masks.rs"
+crate-type = ["rlib"]
+
+[dependencies]
+bytemuck = { version = "1.25.0", features = ["derive"] }
+gpu = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../gpu" }
+wgpu = "29.0.1"
diff --git a/rust/crates/gpu/src/mask_feather.rs b/rust/crates/masks/src/feather.rs
index 029b59ed..e58572f4 100644
--- a/rust/crates/gpu/src/mask_feather.rs
+++ b/rust/crates/masks/src/feather.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 use bytemuck::{Pod, Zeroable};
+use gpu::{FULLSCREEN_SHADER_SOURCE, GPU_TEXTURE_FORMAT, GpuContext};
 use wgpu::util::DeviceExt;
 
-use crate::{GPU_TEXTURE_FORMAT, context::GpuContext};
+use crate::SdfPipeline;
 
-const FULLSCREEN_SHADER_SOURCE: &str = include_str!("shaders/fullscreen.wgsl");
 const JFA_DISTANCE_SHADER_SOURCE: &str = include_str!("shaders/jfa_distance.wgsl");
 
 pub struct ApplyMaskFeatherOptions<'a> {
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ pub struct ApplyMaskFeatherOptions<'a> {
 }
 
 pub struct MaskFeatherPipeline {
+    sdf_pipeline: SdfPipeline,
     inside_texture_bind_group_layout: wgpu::BindGroupLayout,
     outside_texture_bind_group_layout: wgpu::BindGroupLayout,
     uniform_bind_group_layout: wgpu::BindGroupLayout,
@@ -29,7 +30,8 @@ struct DistanceUniformBuffer {
 }
 
 impl MaskFeatherPipeline {
-    pub fn new(device: &wgpu::Device) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(context: &GpuContext) -> Self {
+        let device = context.device();
         let inside_texture_bind_group_layout =
             device.create_bind_group_layout(&wgpu::BindGroupLayoutDescriptor {
                 label: Some("gpu-mask-distance-inside-layout"),
@@ -140,6 +142,7 @@ impl MaskFeatherPipeline {
         });
 
         Self {
+            sdf_pipeline: SdfPipeline::new(context),
             inside_texture_bind_group_layout,
             outside_texture_bind_group_layout,
             uniform_bind_group_layout,
@@ -157,11 +160,10 @@ impl MaskFeatherPipeline {
             feather,
         }: ApplyMaskFeatherOptions<'_>,
     ) -> wgpu::Texture {
-        let sdf = context
-            .sdf_pipeline()
+        let sdf = self
+            .sdf_pipeline
             .compute_signed_distance_field(context, mask, width, height);
-        let output_texture =
-            context.create_render_texture(width, height, "gpu-mask-feather-output");
+        let output_texture = context.create_render_texture(width, height, "masks-feather-output");
         let inside_view = sdf
             .inside_texture
             .create_view(&wgpu::TextureViewDescriptor::default());
@@ -201,17 +203,18 @@ impl MaskFeatherPipeline {
                     },
                 ],
             });
-        let uniform_buffer = context
-            .device()
-            .create_buffer_init(&wgpu::util::BufferInitDescriptor {
-                label: Some("gpu-mask-distance-uniform-buffer"),
-                contents: bytemuck::bytes_of(&DistanceUniformBuffer {
-                    resolution: [width as f32, height as f32],
-                    feather_half: feather / 2.0,
-                    _padding: 0.0,
-                }),
-                usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::UNIFORM | wgpu::BufferUsages::COPY_DST,
-            });
+        let uniform_buffer =
+            context
+                .device()
+                .create_buffer_init(&wgpu::util::BufferInitDescriptor {
+                    label: Some("gpu-mask-distance-uniform-buffer"),
+                    contents: bytemuck::bytes_of(&DistanceUniformBuffer {
+                        resolution: [width as f32, height as f32],
+                        feather_half: feather / 2.0,
+                        _padding: 0.0,
+                    }),
+                    usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::UNIFORM | wgpu::BufferUsages::COPY_DST,
+                });
         let uniform_bind_group = context
             .device()
             .create_bind_group(&wgpu::BindGroupDescriptor {
@@ -222,11 +225,12 @@ impl MaskFeatherPipeline {
                     resource: uniform_buffer.as_entire_binding(),
                 }],
             });
-        let mut encoder = context
-            .device()
-            .create_command_encoder(&wgpu::CommandEncoderDescriptor {
-                label: Some("gpu-mask-distance-command-encoder"),
-            });
+        let mut encoder =
+            context
+                .device()
+                .create_command_encoder(&wgpu::CommandEncoderDescriptor {
+                    label: Some("gpu-mask-distance-command-encoder"),
+                });
 
         {
             let mut render_pass = encoder.begin_render_pass(&wgpu::RenderPassDescriptor {
diff --git a/rust/crates/masks/src/masks.rs b/rust/crates/masks/src/masks.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2bf33342
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/crates/masks/src/masks.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+mod feather;
+mod sdf;
+
+pub use feather::{ApplyMaskFeatherOptions, MaskFeatherPipeline};
+pub use sdf::{SdfPipeline, SignedDistanceFieldTextures};
diff --git a/rust/crates/gpu/src/sdf_pipeline.rs b/rust/crates/masks/src/sdf.rs
index d2612fe1..0e7ec01a 100644
--- a/rust/crates/gpu/src/sdf_pipeline.rs
+++ b/rust/crates/masks/src/sdf.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 use bytemuck::{Pod, Zeroable};
+use gpu::{FULLSCREEN_SHADER_SOURCE, GPU_TEXTURE_FORMAT, GpuContext};
 use wgpu::util::DeviceExt;
 
-use crate::{GPU_TEXTURE_FORMAT, context::GpuContext};
-
-const FULLSCREEN_SHADER_SOURCE: &str = include_str!("shaders/fullscreen.wgsl");
 const JFA_INIT_SHADER_SOURCE: &str = include_str!("shaders/jfa_init.wgsl");
 const JFA_STEP_SHADER_SOURCE: &str = include_str!("shaders/jfa_step.wgsl");
 
@@ -36,7 +34,8 @@ struct JfaStepUniformBuffer {
 }
 
 impl SdfPipeline {
-    pub fn new(device: &wgpu::Device) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(context: &GpuContext) -> Self {
+        let device = context.device();
         let texture_bind_group_layout =
             device.create_bind_group_layout(&wgpu::BindGroupLayoutDescriptor {
                 label: Some("gpu-sdf-texture-bind-group-layout"),
@@ -213,13 +212,14 @@ impl SdfPipeline {
                     },
                 ],
             });
-        let uniform_buffer = context
-            .device()
-            .create_buffer_init(&wgpu::util::BufferInitDescriptor {
-                label: Some("gpu-sdf-uniform-buffer"),
-                contents: uniform_buffer_bytes,
-                usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::UNIFORM | wgpu::BufferUsages::COPY_DST,
-            });
+        let uniform_buffer =
+            context
+                .device()
+                .create_buffer_init(&wgpu::util::BufferInitDescriptor {
+                    label: Some("gpu-sdf-uniform-buffer"),
+                    contents: uniform_buffer_bytes,
+                    usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::UNIFORM | wgpu::BufferUsages::COPY_DST,
+                });
         let uniform_bind_group = context
             .device()
             .create_bind_group(&wgpu::BindGroupDescriptor {
@@ -230,11 +230,12 @@ impl SdfPipeline {
                     resource: uniform_buffer.as_entire_binding(),
                 }],
             });
-        let mut encoder = context
-            .device()
-            .create_command_encoder(&wgpu::CommandEncoderDescriptor {
-                label: Some("gpu-sdf-command-encoder"),
-            });
+        let mut encoder =
+            context
+                .device()
+                .create_command_encoder(&wgpu::CommandEncoderDescriptor {
+                    label: Some("gpu-sdf-command-encoder"),
+                });
 
         {
             let mut render_pass = encoder.begin_render_pass(&wgpu::RenderPassDescriptor {
diff --git a/rust/crates/gpu/src/shaders/jfa_distance.wgsl b/rust/crates/masks/src/shaders/jfa_distance.wgsl
index e65a7023..e65a7023 100644
--- a/rust/crates/gpu/src/shaders/jfa_distance.wgsl
+++ b/rust/crates/masks/src/shaders/jfa_distance.wgsl
diff --git a/rust/crates/gpu/src/shaders/jfa_init.wgsl b/rust/crates/masks/src/shaders/jfa_init.wgsl
index 29aa38c7..29aa38c7 100644
--- a/rust/crates/gpu/src/shaders/jfa_init.wgsl
+++ b/rust/crates/masks/src/shaders/jfa_init.wgsl
diff --git a/rust/crates/gpu/src/shaders/jfa_step.wgsl b/rust/crates/masks/src/shaders/jfa_step.wgsl
index e20d7fb0..e20d7fb0 100644
--- a/rust/crates/gpu/src/shaders/jfa_step.wgsl
+++ b/rust/crates/masks/src/shaders/jfa_step.wgsl
diff --git a/rust/crates/time/Cargo.toml b/rust/crates/time/Cargo.toml
index bf66e4e2..070695dc 100644
--- a/rust/crates/time/Cargo.toml
+++ b/rust/crates/time/Cargo.toml
@@ -5,13 +5,14 @@ edition = "2024"
 
 [lib]
 path = "src/time.rs"
-crate-type = ["rlib", "cdylib"]
+crate-type = ["rlib"]
 
 [dependencies]
 bridge = { version = "0.1.0", path = "../bridge" }
+num-traits = "0.2.19"
 serde = { version = "1", features = ["derive"] }
 tsify-next = { version = "0.5", optional = true }
 wasm-bindgen = { version = "0.2.115", optional = true }
 
 [features]
-wasm = ["dep:wasm-bindgen", "dep:tsify-next", "tsify-next/js"]
\ No newline at end of file
+wasm = ["dep:wasm-bindgen", "dep:tsify-next", "tsify-next/js"]
diff --git a/rust/crates/time/src/frame_rate.rs b/rust/crates/time/src/frame_rate.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7af10649
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/crates/time/src/frame_rate.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+use crate::media_time::TICKS_PER_SECOND;
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi, into_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub struct FrameRate {
+    pub numerator: u32,
+    pub denominator: u32,
+}
+
+impl FrameRate {
+    pub const FPS_23_976: Self = Self {
+        numerator: 24_000,
+        denominator: 1_001,
+    };
+    pub const FPS_24: Self = Self {
+        numerator: 24,
+        denominator: 1,
+    };
+    pub const FPS_25: Self = Self {
+        numerator: 25,
+        denominator: 1,
+    };
+    pub const FPS_29_97: Self = Self {
+        numerator: 30_000,
+        denominator: 1_001,
+    };
+    pub const FPS_30: Self = Self {
+        numerator: 30,
+        denominator: 1,
+    };
+    pub const FPS_48: Self = Self {
+        numerator: 48,
+        denominator: 1,
+    };
+    pub const FPS_50: Self = Self {
+        numerator: 50,
+        denominator: 1,
+    };
+    pub const FPS_59_94: Self = Self {
+        numerator: 60_000,
+        denominator: 1_001,
+    };
+    pub const FPS_60: Self = Self {
+        numerator: 60,
+        denominator: 1,
+    };
+    pub const FPS_120: Self = Self {
+        numerator: 120,
+        denominator: 1,
+    };
+
+    pub const fn new(numerator: u32, denominator: u32) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            numerator,
+            denominator,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub const fn is_valid(self) -> bool {
+        self.numerator > 0 && self.denominator > 0
+    }
+
+    pub fn as_f64(self) -> Option<f64> {
+        if !self.is_valid() {
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        Some(f64::from(self.numerator) / f64::from(self.denominator))
+    }
+
+    pub fn frame_number_upper_bound(self) -> Option<u32> {
+        if !self.is_valid() {
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        Some(self.numerator.div_ceil(self.denominator))
+    }
+
+    pub fn ticks_per_frame(self) -> Option<i64> {
+        if !self.is_valid() {
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        let tick_numerator = TICKS_PER_SECOND.checked_mul(i64::from(self.denominator))?;
+        let tick_denominator = i64::from(self.numerator);
+        if tick_numerator % tick_denominator != 0 {
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        Some(tick_numerator / tick_denominator)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::FrameRate;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn resolves_ticks_per_standard_frame_rate() {
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::FPS_23_976.ticks_per_frame(), Some(5_005));
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::FPS_24.ticks_per_frame(), Some(5_000));
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::FPS_25.ticks_per_frame(), Some(4_800));
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::FPS_29_97.ticks_per_frame(), Some(4_004));
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::FPS_30.ticks_per_frame(), Some(4_000));
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::FPS_48.ticks_per_frame(), Some(2_500));
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::FPS_50.ticks_per_frame(), Some(2_400));
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::FPS_59_94.ticks_per_frame(), Some(2_002));
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::FPS_60.ticks_per_frame(), Some(2_000));
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::FPS_120.ticks_per_frame(), Some(1_000));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rejects_invalid_or_unsupported_rates() {
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::new(0, 1).ticks_per_frame(), None);
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::new(1, 0).ticks_per_frame(), None);
+        assert_eq!(FrameRate::new(7, 3).ticks_per_frame(), None);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/rust/crates/time/src/media_time.rs b/rust/crates/time/src/media_time.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..11d268e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/crates/time/src/media_time.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,428 @@
+use std::ops::{Add, Div, Mul, Neg, Sub};
+
+use bridge::export;
+use num_traits::ToPrimitive;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+use crate::frame_rate::FrameRate;
+
+#[export]
+pub const TICKS_PER_SECOND: i64 = 120_000;
+const TICKS_PER_SECOND_F64: f64 = TICKS_PER_SECOND as f64;
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi, into_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd, Hash)]
+pub struct MediaTime(i64);
+
+impl MediaTime {
+    pub const ZERO: Self = Self(0);
+    pub const ONE_TICK: Self = Self(1);
+
+    pub const fn from_ticks(ticks: i64) -> Self {
+        Self(ticks)
+    }
+
+    pub const fn as_ticks(self) -> i64 {
+        self.0
+    }
+
+    pub fn from_seconds_f64(seconds: f64) -> Option<Self> {
+        if !seconds.is_finite() {
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        let ticks = (seconds * TICKS_PER_SECOND_F64).round().to_i64()?;
+        Some(Self(ticks))
+    }
+
+    pub fn to_seconds_f64(self) -> f64 {
+        self.0.to_f64().unwrap_or(0.0) / TICKS_PER_SECOND_F64
+    }
+
+    pub fn from_frame(frame: i64, rate: FrameRate) -> Option<Self> {
+        let ticks_per_frame = rate.ticks_per_frame()?;
+        Some(Self(frame.checked_mul(ticks_per_frame)?))
+    }
+
+    pub fn to_frame_round(self, rate: FrameRate) -> Option<i64> {
+        let ticks_per_frame = rate.ticks_per_frame()?;
+        let remainder = self.0.rem_euclid(ticks_per_frame);
+        let floor = self.0.div_euclid(ticks_per_frame);
+        if remainder * 2 >= ticks_per_frame {
+            Some(floor + 1)
+        } else {
+            Some(floor)
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn to_frame_floor(self, rate: FrameRate) -> Option<i64> {
+        let ticks_per_frame = rate.ticks_per_frame()?;
+        Some(self.0.div_euclid(ticks_per_frame))
+    }
+
+    pub fn round_to_frame(self, rate: FrameRate) -> Option<Self> {
+        Self::from_frame(self.to_frame_round(rate)?, rate)
+    }
+
+    pub fn floor_to_frame(self, rate: FrameRate) -> Option<Self> {
+        let ticks_per_frame = rate.ticks_per_frame()?;
+        Some(Self(self.0.div_euclid(ticks_per_frame) * ticks_per_frame))
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_frame_aligned(self, rate: FrameRate) -> Option<bool> {
+        let ticks_per_frame = rate.ticks_per_frame()?;
+        Some(self.0.rem_euclid(ticks_per_frame) == 0)
+    }
+
+    pub fn last_frame_time(self, rate: FrameRate) -> Option<Self> {
+        if self <= Self::ZERO {
+            return Some(Self::ZERO);
+        }
+
+        let last_inclusive_tick = self.0.checked_sub(1).unwrap_or(0);
+        Self::from_ticks(last_inclusive_tick).floor_to_frame(rate)
+    }
+
+    pub fn snapped_seek_time(self, duration: Self, rate: FrameRate) -> Option<Self> {
+        let snapped = self.round_to_frame(rate)?;
+        Some(snapped.clamp(Self::ZERO, duration))
+    }
+
+    pub fn clamp(self, min: Self, max: Self) -> Self {
+        Self(self.0.clamp(min.0, max.0))
+    }
+
+    pub fn min(self, other: Self) -> Self {
+        Self(self.0.min(other.0))
+    }
+
+    pub fn max(self, other: Self) -> Self {
+        Self(self.0.max(other.0))
+    }
+}
+
+impl Add for MediaTime {
+    type Output = Self;
+
+    fn add(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
+        Self(self.0 + rhs.0)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Sub for MediaTime {
+    type Output = Self;
+
+    fn sub(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
+        Self(self.0 - rhs.0)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Neg for MediaTime {
+    type Output = Self;
+
+    fn neg(self) -> Self::Output {
+        Self(-self.0)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Mul<i64> for MediaTime {
+    type Output = Self;
+
+    fn mul(self, rhs: i64) -> Self::Output {
+        Self(self.0 * rhs)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Div<i64> for MediaTime {
+    type Output = Self;
+
+    fn div(self, rhs: i64) -> Self::Output {
+        Self(self.0 / rhs)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct MediaTimeFromSecondsOptions {
+    pub seconds: f64,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn media_time_from_seconds(
+    MediaTimeFromSecondsOptions { seconds }: MediaTimeFromSecondsOptions,
+) -> Option<MediaTime> {
+    MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(seconds)
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct MediaTimeToSecondsOptions {
+    pub time: MediaTime,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn media_time_to_seconds(MediaTimeToSecondsOptions { time }: MediaTimeToSecondsOptions) -> f64 {
+    time.to_seconds_f64()
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct MediaTimeFromFrameOptions {
+    pub frame: i64,
+    pub rate: FrameRate,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn media_time_from_frame(
+    MediaTimeFromFrameOptions { frame, rate }: MediaTimeFromFrameOptions,
+) -> Option<MediaTime> {
+    MediaTime::from_frame(frame, rate)
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct MediaTimeToFrameOptions {
+    pub time: MediaTime,
+    pub rate: FrameRate,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn media_time_to_frame(
+    MediaTimeToFrameOptions { time, rate }: MediaTimeToFrameOptions,
+) -> Option<i64> {
+    time.to_frame_round(rate)
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct RoundToFrameOptions {
+    pub time: MediaTime,
+    pub rate: FrameRate,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn round_to_frame(
+    RoundToFrameOptions { time, rate }: RoundToFrameOptions,
+) -> Option<MediaTime> {
+    time.round_to_frame(rate)
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct FloorToFrameOptions {
+    pub time: MediaTime,
+    pub rate: FrameRate,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn floor_to_frame(
+    FloorToFrameOptions { time, rate }: FloorToFrameOptions,
+) -> Option<MediaTime> {
+    time.floor_to_frame(rate)
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct IsFrameAlignedOptions {
+    pub time: MediaTime,
+    pub rate: FrameRate,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn is_frame_aligned(
+    IsFrameAlignedOptions { time, rate }: IsFrameAlignedOptions,
+) -> Option<bool> {
+    time.is_frame_aligned(rate)
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct LastFrameTimeOptions {
+    pub duration: MediaTime,
+    pub rate: FrameRate,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn last_frame_time(
+    LastFrameTimeOptions { duration, rate }: LastFrameTimeOptions,
+) -> Option<MediaTime> {
+    duration.last_frame_time(rate)
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct SnappedSeekTimeOptions {
+    pub time: MediaTime,
+    pub duration: MediaTime,
+    pub rate: FrameRate,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn snapped_seek_time(
+    SnappedSeekTimeOptions {
+        time,
+        duration,
+        rate,
+    }: SnappedSeekTimeOptions,
+) -> Option<MediaTime> {
+    time.snapped_seek_time(duration, rate)
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct MediaTimeAddOptions {
+    pub lhs: MediaTime,
+    pub rhs: MediaTime,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn media_time_add(MediaTimeAddOptions { lhs, rhs }: MediaTimeAddOptions) -> MediaTime {
+    lhs + rhs
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct MediaTimeSubOptions {
+    pub lhs: MediaTime,
+    pub rhs: MediaTime,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn media_time_sub(MediaTimeSubOptions { lhs, rhs }: MediaTimeSubOptions) -> MediaTime {
+    lhs - rhs
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct MediaTimeMinOptions {
+    pub lhs: MediaTime,
+    pub rhs: MediaTime,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn media_time_min(MediaTimeMinOptions { lhs, rhs }: MediaTimeMinOptions) -> MediaTime {
+    lhs.min(rhs)
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct MediaTimeMaxOptions {
+    pub lhs: MediaTime,
+    pub rhs: MediaTime,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn media_time_max(MediaTimeMaxOptions { lhs, rhs }: MediaTimeMaxOptions) -> MediaTime {
+    lhs.max(rhs)
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct MediaTimeClampOptions {
+    pub time: MediaTime,
+    pub min: MediaTime,
+    pub max: MediaTime,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn media_time_clamp(
+    MediaTimeClampOptions { time, min, max }: MediaTimeClampOptions,
+) -> MediaTime {
+    time.clamp(min, max)
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use crate::frame_rate::FrameRate;
+
+    use super::{MediaTime, TICKS_PER_SECOND};
+
+    #[test]
+    fn converts_between_seconds_and_ticks() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(1.5),
+            Some(MediaTime::from_ticks(180_000))
+        );
+        assert_eq!(MediaTime::from_ticks(180_000).to_seconds_f64(), 1.5);
+        assert_eq!(TICKS_PER_SECOND, 120_000);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rejects_non_finite_seconds() {
+        assert_eq!(MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(f64::NAN), None);
+        assert_eq!(MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(f64::INFINITY), None);
+        assert_eq!(MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(f64::NEG_INFINITY), None);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn snaps_to_the_nearest_frame() {
+        let rate = FrameRate::FPS_30;
+        let time = MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(1.26).unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(time.to_frame_round(rate), Some(38));
+        assert_eq!(
+            time.round_to_frame(rate),
+            Some(MediaTime::from_ticks(152_000))
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn floors_to_frame() {
+        let rate = FrameRate::FPS_30;
+        let ticks_per_frame = 4_000;
+        let time = MediaTime::from_ticks(ticks_per_frame * 5 + 1);
+
+        assert_eq!(time.to_frame_floor(rate), Some(5));
+        assert_eq!(time.to_frame_round(rate), Some(5));
+
+        let almost_next = MediaTime::from_ticks(ticks_per_frame * 5 + ticks_per_frame / 2);
+        assert_eq!(almost_next.to_frame_floor(rate), Some(5));
+        assert_eq!(almost_next.to_frame_round(rate), Some(6));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn computes_last_frame_time_and_snapped_seek_time() {
+        let rate = FrameRate::new(5, 1);
+        let duration = MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(10.0).unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            duration.last_frame_time(rate),
+            Some(MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(9.8).unwrap()),
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(10.0)
+                .unwrap()
+                .snapped_seek_time(duration, rate),
+            Some(MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(10.0).unwrap()),
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/rust/crates/time/src/time.rs b/rust/crates/time/src/time.rs
index 84b69327..3d45c47f 100644
--- a/rust/crates/time/src/time.rs
+++ b/rust/crates/time/src/time.rs
@@ -1,422 +1,19 @@
-use bridge::export;
-use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+mod frame_rate;
+mod media_time;
+mod timecode;
 
-const SECONDS_PER_HOUR: f64 = 3600.0;
-const SECONDS_PER_MINUTE: f64 = 60.0;
-const CENTISECONDS_PER_SECOND: f64 = 100.0;
-
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi, into_wasm_abi))]
-#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
-pub enum TimeCodeFormat {
-    #[serde(rename = "MM:SS")]
-    MmSs,
-    #[serde(rename = "HH:MM:SS")]
-    HhMmSs,
-    #[serde(rename = "HH:MM:SS:CS")]
-    HhMmSsCs,
-    #[serde(rename = "HH:MM:SS:FF")]
-    HhMmSsFf,
-}
-
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
-#[derive(Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct RoundToFrameOptions {
-    pub time: f64,
-    pub fps: f64,
-}
-
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
-#[derive(Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct FormatTimeCodeOptions {
-    pub time_in_seconds: f64,
-    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    pub format: Option<TimeCodeFormat>,
-    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    pub fps: Option<f64>,
-}
-
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
-#[derive(Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct ParseTimeCodeOptions {
-    pub time_code: String,
-    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    pub format: Option<TimeCodeFormat>,
-    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
-    pub fps: Option<f64>,
-}
-
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
-#[derive(Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct GuessTimeCodeFormatOptions {
-    pub time_code: String,
-}
-
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
-#[derive(Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct TimeToFrameOptions {
-    pub time: f64,
-    pub fps: f64,
-}
-
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
-#[derive(Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct FrameToTimeOptions {
-    pub frame: f64,
-    pub fps: f64,
-}
-
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
-#[derive(Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct SnapTimeToFrameOptions {
-    pub time: f64,
-    pub fps: f64,
-}
-
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
-#[derive(Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct GetSnappedSeekTimeOptions {
-    pub raw_time: f64,
-    pub duration: f64,
-    pub fps: f64,
-}
-
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
-#[derive(Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct GetLastFrameTimeOptions {
-    pub duration: f64,
-    pub fps: f64,
-}
-
-#[export]
-pub fn round_to_frame(RoundToFrameOptions { time, fps }: RoundToFrameOptions) -> f64 {
-    (time * fps).round() / fps
-}
-
-#[export]
-pub fn format_time_code(
-    FormatTimeCodeOptions {
-        time_in_seconds,
-        format,
-        fps,
-    }: FormatTimeCodeOptions,
-) -> Option<String> {
-    let format = format.unwrap_or(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsCs);
-    let hours = (time_in_seconds / SECONDS_PER_HOUR).floor() as u64;
-    let minutes = ((time_in_seconds % SECONDS_PER_HOUR) / SECONDS_PER_MINUTE).floor() as u64;
-    let seconds = (time_in_seconds % SECONDS_PER_MINUTE).floor() as u64;
-    let centiseconds = ((time_in_seconds % 1.0) * CENTISECONDS_PER_SECOND).floor() as u64;
-
-    match format {
-        TimeCodeFormat::MmSs => Some(format!("{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}")),
-        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSs => Some(format!("{hours:02}:{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}")),
-        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsCs => Some(format!(
-            "{hours:02}:{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}:{centiseconds:02}",
-        )),
-        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf => {
-            let fps = fps?;
-            if fps <= 0.0 {
-                return None;
-            }
-
-            let frames = ((time_in_seconds % 1.0) * fps).floor() as u64;
-            Some(format!(
-                "{hours:02}:{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}:{frames:02}",
-            ))
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#[export]
-pub fn parse_time_code(
-    ParseTimeCodeOptions {
-        time_code,
-        format,
-        fps,
-    }: ParseTimeCodeOptions,
-) -> Option<f64> {
-    if time_code.trim().is_empty() {
-        return None;
-    }
-
-    let format = format.unwrap_or(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsCs);
-    let parts = time_code
-        .trim()
-        .split(':')
-        .map(|part| part.parse::<u32>().ok())
-        .collect::<Option<Vec<_>>>()?;
-
-    match format {
-        TimeCodeFormat::MmSs => {
-            let [minutes, seconds] = parts.as_slice() else {
-                return None;
-            };
-            if *seconds >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE as u32 {
-                return None;
-            }
-
-            Some((*minutes as f64 * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE) + *seconds as f64)
-        }
-        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSs => {
-            let [hours, minutes, seconds] = parts.as_slice() else {
-                return None;
-            };
-            if *minutes >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE as u32 || *seconds >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE as u32 {
-                return None;
-            }
-
-            Some(
-                (*hours as f64 * SECONDS_PER_HOUR)
-                    + (*minutes as f64 * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE)
-                    + *seconds as f64,
-            )
-        }
-        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsCs => {
-            let [hours, minutes, seconds, centiseconds] = parts.as_slice() else {
-                return None;
-            };
-            if *minutes >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE as u32
-                || *seconds >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE as u32
-                || *centiseconds >= CENTISECONDS_PER_SECOND as u32
-            {
-                return None;
-            }
-
-            Some(
-                (*hours as f64 * SECONDS_PER_HOUR)
-                    + (*minutes as f64 * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE)
-                    + *seconds as f64
-                    + (*centiseconds as f64 / CENTISECONDS_PER_SECOND),
-            )
-        }
-        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf => {
-            let fps = fps?;
-            if fps <= 0.0 {
-                return None;
-            }
-
-            let [hours, minutes, seconds, frames] = parts.as_slice() else {
-                return None;
-            };
-            if *minutes >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE as u32
-                || *seconds >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE as u32
-                || *frames as f64 >= fps
-            {
-                return None;
-            }
-
-            Some(
-                (*hours as f64 * SECONDS_PER_HOUR)
-                    + (*minutes as f64 * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE)
-                    + *seconds as f64
-                    + (*frames as f64 / fps),
-            )
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#[export]
-pub fn guess_time_code_format(
-    GuessTimeCodeFormatOptions { time_code }: GuessTimeCodeFormatOptions,
-) -> Option<TimeCodeFormat> {
-    if time_code.trim().is_empty() {
-        return None;
-    }
-
-    let part_count = time_code
-        .split(':')
-        .try_fold(0usize, |count, part| {
-            part.parse::<u32>().ok().map(|_| count + 1)
-        })?;
-
-    match part_count {
-        2 => Some(TimeCodeFormat::MmSs),
-        3 => Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSs),
-        4 => Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
-        _ => None,
-    }
-}
-
-#[export]
-pub fn time_to_frame(TimeToFrameOptions { time, fps }: TimeToFrameOptions) -> f64 {
-    (time * fps).round()
-}
-
-#[export]
-pub fn frame_to_time(FrameToTimeOptions { frame, fps }: FrameToTimeOptions) -> f64 {
-    frame / fps
-}
-
-#[export]
-pub fn snap_time_to_frame(SnapTimeToFrameOptions { time, fps }: SnapTimeToFrameOptions) -> f64 {
-    if fps <= 0.0 {
-        return time;
-    }
-
-    frame_to_time(FrameToTimeOptions {
-        frame: time_to_frame(TimeToFrameOptions { time, fps }),
-        fps,
-    })
-}
-
-#[export]
-pub fn get_snapped_seek_time(
-    GetSnappedSeekTimeOptions {
-        raw_time,
-        duration,
-        fps,
-    }: GetSnappedSeekTimeOptions,
-) -> f64 {
-    let snapped_time = snap_time_to_frame(SnapTimeToFrameOptions { time: raw_time, fps });
-    let last_frame = get_last_frame_time(GetLastFrameTimeOptions { duration, fps });
-    snapped_time.clamp(0.0, last_frame)
-}
-
-#[export]
-pub fn get_last_frame_time(
-    GetLastFrameTimeOptions { duration, fps }: GetLastFrameTimeOptions,
-) -> f64 {
-    if duration <= 0.0 {
-        return 0.0;
-    }
-
-    if fps <= 0.0 {
-        return duration;
-    }
-
-    let frame_offset = 1.0 / fps;
-    (duration - frame_offset).max(0.0)
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use super::*;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn rounds_to_the_nearest_frame() {
-        assert_eq!(round_to_frame(RoundToFrameOptions { time: 1.24, fps: 10.0 }), 1.2);
-        assert_eq!(round_to_frame(RoundToFrameOptions { time: 1.26, fps: 10.0 }), 1.3);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn formats_default_time_codes() {
-        assert_eq!(
-            format_time_code(FormatTimeCodeOptions {
-                time_in_seconds: 3723.45,
-                format: None,
-                fps: None,
-            }),
-            Some("01:02:03:44".to_string()),
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            format_time_code(FormatTimeCodeOptions {
-                time_in_seconds: 65.0,
-                format: Some(TimeCodeFormat::MmSs),
-                fps: None,
-            }),
-            Some("01:05".to_string()),
-        );
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn formats_frame_based_time_codes() {
-        assert_eq!(
-            format_time_code(FormatTimeCodeOptions {
-                time_in_seconds: 1.5,
-                format: Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
-                fps: Some(30.0),
-            }),
-            Some("00:00:01:15".to_string()),
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            format_time_code(FormatTimeCodeOptions {
-                time_in_seconds: 1.5,
-                format: Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
-                fps: None,
-            }),
-            None,
-        );
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn parses_time_codes() {
-        assert_eq!(
-            parse_time_code(ParseTimeCodeOptions {
-                time_code: "01:05".to_string(),
-                format: Some(TimeCodeFormat::MmSs),
-                fps: None,
-            }),
-            Some(65.0),
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            parse_time_code(ParseTimeCodeOptions {
-                time_code: "00:00:01:15".to_string(),
-                format: Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
-                fps: Some(30.0),
-            }),
-            Some(1.5),
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            parse_time_code(ParseTimeCodeOptions {
-                time_code: "00:00:01:30".to_string(),
-                format: Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
-                fps: Some(30.0),
-            }),
-            None,
-        );
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn guesses_time_code_formats() {
-        assert_eq!(
-            guess_time_code_format(GuessTimeCodeFormatOptions { time_code: "01:05".to_string() }),
-            Some(TimeCodeFormat::MmSs),
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            guess_time_code_format(GuessTimeCodeFormatOptions {
-                time_code: "00:00:01".to_string(),
-            }),
-            Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSs),
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            guess_time_code_format(GuessTimeCodeFormatOptions {
-                time_code: "00:00:01:15".to_string(),
-            }),
-            Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
-        );
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn snaps_and_clamps_seek_time() {
-        assert_eq!(time_to_frame(TimeToFrameOptions { time: 1.26, fps: 10.0 }), 13.0);
-        assert_eq!(frame_to_time(FrameToTimeOptions { frame: 13.0, fps: 10.0 }), 1.3);
-        assert_eq!(snap_time_to_frame(SnapTimeToFrameOptions { time: 1.26, fps: 10.0 }), 1.3);
-        assert_eq!(get_last_frame_time(GetLastFrameTimeOptions { duration: 10.0, fps: 5.0 }), 9.8);
-        assert_eq!(
-            get_snapped_seek_time(GetSnappedSeekTimeOptions {
-                raw_time: 10.0,
-                duration: 10.0,
-                fps: 5.0,
-            }),
-            9.8,
-        );
-    }
-}
+pub use frame_rate::FrameRate;
+pub use media_time::{
+    FloorToFrameOptions, IsFrameAlignedOptions, LastFrameTimeOptions, MediaTime,
+    MediaTimeAddOptions, MediaTimeClampOptions, MediaTimeFromFrameOptions,
+    MediaTimeFromSecondsOptions, MediaTimeMaxOptions, MediaTimeMinOptions, MediaTimeSubOptions,
+    MediaTimeToFrameOptions, MediaTimeToSecondsOptions, RoundToFrameOptions,
+    SnappedSeekTimeOptions, TICKS_PER_SECOND, floor_to_frame, is_frame_aligned, last_frame_time,
+    media_time_add, media_time_clamp, media_time_from_frame, media_time_from_seconds,
+    media_time_max, media_time_min, media_time_sub, media_time_to_frame, media_time_to_seconds,
+    round_to_frame, snapped_seek_time,
+};
+pub use timecode::{
+    FormatTimecodeOptions, GuessTimecodeFormatOptions, ParseTimecodeOptions, TimeCodeFormat,
+    format_timecode, guess_timecode_format, parse_timecode,
+};
diff --git a/rust/crates/time/src/timecode.rs b/rust/crates/time/src/timecode.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0eb484d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/crates/time/src/timecode.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+use bridge::export;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+use crate::{
+    frame_rate::FrameRate,
+    media_time::{MediaTime, TICKS_PER_SECOND},
+};
+
+const SECONDS_PER_HOUR: i64 = 3_600;
+const SECONDS_PER_MINUTE: i64 = 60;
+const CENTISECONDS_PER_SECOND: i64 = 100;
+const TICKS_PER_CENTISECOND: i64 = TICKS_PER_SECOND / CENTISECONDS_PER_SECOND;
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi, into_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub enum TimeCodeFormat {
+    #[serde(rename = "MM:SS")]
+    MmSs,
+    #[serde(rename = "HH:MM:SS")]
+    HhMmSs,
+    #[serde(rename = "HH:MM:SS:CS")]
+    HhMmSsCs,
+    #[serde(rename = "HH:MM:SS:FF")]
+    HhMmSsFf,
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct FormatTimecodeOptions {
+    pub time: MediaTime,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub format: Option<TimeCodeFormat>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub rate: Option<FrameRate>,
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct ParseTimecodeOptions {
+    pub time_code: String,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub format: Option<TimeCodeFormat>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub rate: Option<FrameRate>,
+}
+
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", derive(tsify_next::Tsify))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "wasm", tsify(from_wasm_abi))]
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct GuessTimecodeFormatOptions {
+    pub time_code: String,
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn guess_timecode_format(
+    GuessTimecodeFormatOptions { time_code }: GuessTimecodeFormatOptions,
+) -> Option<TimeCodeFormat> {
+    if time_code.trim().is_empty() {
+        return None;
+    }
+
+    let part_count = time_code
+        .trim()
+        .split(':')
+        .try_fold(0usize, |count, part| {
+            part.parse::<u32>().ok().map(|_| count + 1)
+        })?;
+
+    match part_count {
+        2 => Some(TimeCodeFormat::MmSs),
+        3 => Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSs),
+        4 => Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn format_timecode(
+    FormatTimecodeOptions { time, format, rate }: FormatTimecodeOptions,
+) -> Option<String> {
+    let format = format.unwrap_or(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsCs);
+    let total_ticks = u64::try_from(time.as_ticks().max(0)).ok()?;
+    let ticks_per_second = u64::try_from(TICKS_PER_SECOND).ok()?;
+    let total_seconds = total_ticks / ticks_per_second;
+    let hour_ticks = u64::try_from(SECONDS_PER_HOUR).ok()? * ticks_per_second;
+    let minute_ticks = u64::try_from(SECONDS_PER_MINUTE).ok()? * ticks_per_second;
+    let seconds_per_minute = u64::try_from(SECONDS_PER_MINUTE).ok()?;
+    let ticks_per_centisecond = u64::try_from(TICKS_PER_CENTISECOND).ok()?;
+
+    let hours = total_ticks / hour_ticks;
+    let minutes = (total_ticks % hour_ticks) / minute_ticks;
+    let seconds = total_seconds % seconds_per_minute;
+    let second_ticks = total_ticks % ticks_per_second;
+    let centiseconds = second_ticks / ticks_per_centisecond;
+
+    match format {
+        TimeCodeFormat::MmSs => Some(format!("{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}")),
+        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSs => Some(format!("{hours:02}:{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}")),
+        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsCs => Some(format!(
+            "{hours:02}:{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}:{centiseconds:02}"
+        )),
+        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf => {
+            let rate = rate?;
+            let ticks_per_frame = rate.ticks_per_frame()?;
+            let frames = second_ticks / u64::try_from(ticks_per_frame).ok()?;
+            Some(format!("{hours:02}:{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}:{frames:02}"))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[export]
+pub fn parse_timecode(
+    ParseTimecodeOptions {
+        time_code,
+        format,
+        rate,
+    }: ParseTimecodeOptions,
+) -> Option<MediaTime> {
+    if time_code.trim().is_empty() {
+        return None;
+    }
+
+    let format = format.unwrap_or(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsCs);
+    let parts = time_code
+        .trim()
+        .split(':')
+        .map(|part| part.parse::<u32>().ok())
+        .collect::<Option<Vec<_>>>()?;
+
+    match format {
+        TimeCodeFormat::MmSs => {
+            let [minutes, seconds] = parts.as_slice() else {
+                return None;
+            };
+            if i64::from(*seconds) >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE {
+                return None;
+            }
+
+            Some(MediaTime::from_ticks(
+                (i64::from(*minutes) * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE + i64::from(*seconds)) * TICKS_PER_SECOND,
+            ))
+        }
+        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSs => {
+            let [hours, minutes, seconds] = parts.as_slice() else {
+                return None;
+            };
+            if i64::from(*minutes) >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE
+                || i64::from(*seconds) >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE
+            {
+                return None;
+            }
+
+            Some(MediaTime::from_ticks(
+                (i64::from(*hours) * SECONDS_PER_HOUR
+                    + i64::from(*minutes) * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE
+                    + i64::from(*seconds))
+                    * TICKS_PER_SECOND,
+            ))
+        }
+        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsCs => {
+            let [hours, minutes, seconds, centiseconds] = parts.as_slice() else {
+                return None;
+            };
+            if i64::from(*minutes) >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE
+                || i64::from(*seconds) >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE
+                || i64::from(*centiseconds) >= CENTISECONDS_PER_SECOND
+            {
+                return None;
+            }
+
+            Some(MediaTime::from_ticks(
+                (i64::from(*hours) * SECONDS_PER_HOUR
+                    + i64::from(*minutes) * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE
+                    + i64::from(*seconds))
+                    * TICKS_PER_SECOND
+                    + i64::from(*centiseconds) * TICKS_PER_CENTISECOND,
+            ))
+        }
+        TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf => {
+            let rate = rate?;
+            let frame_upper_bound = rate.frame_number_upper_bound()?;
+            let [hours, minutes, seconds, frames] = parts.as_slice() else {
+                return None;
+            };
+            if i64::from(*minutes) >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE
+                || i64::from(*seconds) >= SECONDS_PER_MINUTE
+                || *frames >= frame_upper_bound
+            {
+                return None;
+            }
+
+            Some(
+                MediaTime::from_ticks(
+                    (i64::from(*hours) * SECONDS_PER_HOUR
+                        + i64::from(*minutes) * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE
+                        + i64::from(*seconds))
+                        * TICKS_PER_SECOND,
+                ) + MediaTime::from_frame(i64::from(*frames), rate)?,
+            )
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use crate::frame_rate::FrameRate;
+    use crate::media_time::MediaTime;
+
+    use super::{FormatTimecodeOptions, GuessTimecodeFormatOptions, ParseTimecodeOptions};
+    use super::{TimeCodeFormat, format_timecode, guess_timecode_format, parse_timecode};
+
+    #[test]
+    fn formats_default_and_frame_timecodes() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            format_timecode(FormatTimecodeOptions {
+                time: MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(3723.45).unwrap(),
+                format: None,
+                rate: None,
+            }),
+            Some("01:02:03:45".to_string()),
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            format_timecode(FormatTimecodeOptions {
+                time: MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(1.5).unwrap(),
+                format: Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
+                rate: Some(FrameRate::FPS_30),
+            }),
+            Some("00:00:01:15".to_string()),
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parses_timecodes() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            parse_timecode(ParseTimecodeOptions {
+                time_code: "01:05".to_string(),
+                format: Some(TimeCodeFormat::MmSs),
+                rate: None,
+            }),
+            Some(MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(65.0).unwrap()),
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            parse_timecode(ParseTimecodeOptions {
+                time_code: "00:00:01:15".to_string(),
+                format: Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
+                rate: Some(FrameRate::FPS_30),
+            }),
+            Some(MediaTime::from_seconds_f64(1.5).unwrap()),
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            parse_timecode(ParseTimecodeOptions {
+                time_code: "00:00:01:30".to_string(),
+                format: Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
+                rate: Some(FrameRate::FPS_30),
+            }),
+            None,
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn guesses_timecode_formats() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            guess_timecode_format(GuessTimecodeFormatOptions {
+                time_code: "01:05".to_string(),
+            }),
+            Some(TimeCodeFormat::MmSs),
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            guess_timecode_format(GuessTimecodeFormatOptions {
+                time_code: "00:00:01".to_string(),
+            }),
+            Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSs),
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            guess_timecode_format(GuessTimecodeFormatOptions {
+                time_code: "00:00:01:15".to_string(),
+            }),
+            Some(TimeCodeFormat::HhMmSsFf),
+        );
+    }
+}